Unit 2

Question 1

Beaver Wars

Answer 1

Series of bloody conflicts, occurring between 1640s and 1680s, during which the Iroquois fought the French for control of the fur trade in the east and the Great Lakes region.

Question 2

Virginia Company

Answer 2

A group of London investors who sent ships to Chesapeake Bay in 1607

Question 3

House of Burgesses

Answer 3

The legislature of colonial Virginia. First organized in 1619, it was the first institution of representative government in the English colonies.

Question 4

Indentured Servants

Answer 4

Individuals who contracted to serve a master for a period of four to seven years in return for payment of the servant’s passage to America.

Question 5

Puritans

Answer 5

Individuals who believed that Queen Elizabeth’s reforms of the Church of England had not gone far enough in improving the church. Puritans led the settlement of Massachusetts Bay Colony

Question 6

Pilgrims

Answer 6

Settlers of Plymouth Colony, who viewed themselves as spiritual wanderers

Question 7

Separatists

Answer 7

Members of an offshoot branch of Puritanism. Separatists believed that the Church of England was too corrupt to be reformed and hence were convince they must “separate” from it to save their souls.

Question 8

Mayflower Compact

Answer 8

The first document of self-government in North America

Question 9

Massachusetts Bay Company

Answer 9

A group of wealthy Puritans who were granted a royal charter in 1629 to settle in Massachusetts Bay

Question 10

Great Migration

Answer 10

Puritan emigration to North America between 1629 and 1643.

Question 11

Proprietary Colony

Answer 11

A colony created when the English monarch granted a huge tract of land to an individual or group of individuals, who became “lords proprietor.”

Question 12

Quakers

Answer 12

Members of the Society of Friends, a radical religious group that arose in the mid-seventeenth century. Quakers rejected formal theology, focusing instead on the Holy Spirit that dwelt within them

Question 13

Frame of Government

Answer 13

William Penn’s constitution for Pennsylvania which included a provision allowing for religious freedom

Question 14

Pequot Wat

Answer 14

Conflict between English settlers and Pequot Indians over control of land and trade in eastern Connecticut

Question 15

King Philip’s War

Answer 15

Conflict in New England (1675-1676) between Wampanoags, Narragnsetts, and other Indian peoples against English settlers; sparked by English encroachments on native lands.

Question 16

Covenant Chain

Answer 16

An alliance between the Iroquois Confederation and the colony of New York which sought to establish Iroquois dominance over all other tribes and thus put New irk in an economically and politically dominant position among the other colonies.

Question 17

Bacon’s Rebellion

Answer 17

Violent conflict in Virginia (1675-1676), beginning with settler attacks on Indians but culminating in a rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia’s government

Question 18

Culpeper’s Rebellion

Answer 18

The overthrow of the established government in the Albermarle region of North Carolina by back county men in 1677

Question 19

King William’s War

Answer 19

The first of a series of colonial struggles between England and France; these con flits occurred principally on the frontiers of northern New England and New York between 1689 and 1697

Question 20

Seven Years’ War

Answer 20

War fought in Europe, North America, and India between 1756 and 1763, pitting France and its allies against Great Britain and its allies

Question 21

Middle Passage

Answer 21

The voyage between West Africa and the New World slave colonies

Question 22

Slave codes

Answer 22

A series of laws passed mainly in the southern colonies in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries to defend the status of slaves and codify the denial of basic civil rights to them.

Question 23

Great Awakening

Answer 23

Tremendous religious revival in colonial America striking first in the Middle Colonies and New England in the 1740s and then priding to the southern colonies.

Question 24

mercantilism

Answer 24

Economic system whereby the government intervenes in the economy for the purpose of increasing national wealth

Question 25

Queen Anne’s War

Answer 25

American phase (1702-1713) of Europe’s War of the Spanish Succession

Question 26

King George’s War

Answer 26

The third Anglo-French war in North America (1744-1748), part of the European conflict known as the War of the Austrian Succession.

Question 27

Enumerated goods

Answer 27

Items produced in the colonies and enumerated in acts of Parliament that could be legally shipped from the colony of origin only to specified locations

Question 28

Toleration Act

Answer 28

Act passed in 1661 by King Charles II ordering a stop to religious persecution in Massachusetts

Question 29

Engages

Answer 29

Catholic immigrants to New France

Question 30

Enlightenment

Answer 30

Intellectual movement stressing the importance of reason and the existence of discoverable natural laws

Question 31

Half-Way Covenant

Answer 31

Plan adopted in 1662 by New England clergy to deal with the problem of declining church membership, allowing children of baptized parents to be baptized whether or not their parents had experienced conversion

Question 32

Congregationalists

Answer 32

Members of Puritan churches government by congregationalists

Question 33

Calvinist theory of predestination

Answer 33

Belief that God has predestined certain individuals to be saved and others to be damned

Question 34

New Lights

Answer 34

People who experienced conversion during the revivals of the Great Awakening

Question 35

Old Lights

Answer 35

Religious faction that condemned emotional enthusiasm as part of the heresy of believing in a personal and direct relationship with God outside the order of the church