UNIT #2 part 2

Question 1

What do lipids consist of…? (3 Components)

Answer 1

1. Triglycerides
2. Phospholipids
3. Sterols

Question 2

Lipids are insoluble in ____?

Answer 2

Water

Question 3

Triglycerides are made of ( 2 components)

Answer 3

1. Glycerol molecule
2. 3 Fatty acids

Question 4

Fatty acids may be ___ to ___ carbons long. ___ Carbon chains are the most common in nutritious foods

Answer 4

4;24;18

Question 5

Is monounsaturated
A. a double bond
B. More than one

Answer 5

A. A double bond

Question 6

Is polyunsaturated

Answer 6

A. One double bone
B. More than one

Question 7

What’s the difference between a saturated fatty acid chain and an unsaturated fatty acid chain?

Answer 7

A saturated fatty acid chain is straight while an unsaturated has a double bond in between

Question 8

What are 2 examples of monounsaturated things?

Answer 8

1. Canola oil
2. Olive oil

Question 9

What are some examples of polyunsaturated things?

Answer 9

1. omega 3&6’s
2. Sunflowers
3. Corn
4. Walnuts

Question 10

What is the difference between cis and trans fatty acids?

Answer 10

Cis have bonds that are the same next to each other, while trans can flip inside out

Question 11

Omega 3 is a ___acid, has ___carbon

Answer 11

Linolenic; 18

Question 12

Omega 6 is a ____ acid, has ____ carbon

Answer 12

Linoleic; 18

Question 13

What is the difference between a essential and nonessential fatty acids?

Answer 13

Essential MUST come from the diet and nonessential are made by the body

Question 14

Named for the double bond closest to the ____ end

Answer 14

Methyl

Question 15

What are triglycerides?

Answer 15

Forms of fat in the diet and the major storage form of fat in the body

Question 16

What’s a phospholipid ?

Answer 16

A similar to a triglyceride, but instead of three fatty acids on a glycerol backbone, it has 2 and a phosphate

Question 17

Phospholipids are used as emulsifiers in foods and are found in…?

Answer 17

Eggs, Liver, soybeans, peanuts

Question 18

Foods from plants and animal contain ____, but only those from animals contain significant amounts of ____?

Answer 18

Sterols; Cholesterol

Question 19

What 3 things are cholesterols used to make?

Answer 19

1. Bile
2. Sex hormones
3. Vitamin D

Question 20

Where is endogenous cholesterol made?

Answer 20

In the body

Question 21

Where is exogenous cholesterol made?

Answer 21

Outside of the body

Question 22

Cholesterol is made in _____ and will plaque the arteries, leading to ____?

Answer 22

Liver; Atherosclerosis

Question 23

What is the DV per day?

Answer 23

300 mg

Question 24

once, in the small intestine, the hormone CCK is released which signals the gallbladder to release _____ and the pancreas to release ____?

Answer 24

Stores of bile; Pancreatic lipase

Question 25

Once bile is finished with emulsifying the fat, it can….? ( 2 components)

Answer 25

1. Be reabsorbed in the small intestine and recycled 2. Trapped in the fiber and excreted

Question 26

These triglycerides are then packaged inside a ball of phospholipids and proteins called a _____?

Answer 26

Chylomicron

Question 27

Least to most sense of Chylomicrons / Lipoproteins ( 4 Components )

Answer 27

1. Chylomicrons 2. VLDL 3. LDL 4. HDL

Question 28

High HDL & Low LDL means…?

Answer 28

Increased heart disease risk

Question 29

Low LDL & High HDL means…?

Answer 29

Decreased heart disease risk

Question 30

Fats provide more than ____ the kcal of carbs or proteins ____ fat be ____ protein and carbs

Answer 30

twice; 9; 4

Question 31

Fats in the diet should make up ____ of daily energy (Kcal)

Answer 31

20-35%

Question 32

Less than ____ should come from saturated fat

Answer 32

10%

Question 33

Fats contain fat soluble vitamins __, __, __, and __

Answer 33

A, D, E, K

Question 34

Fats in meats and poultry are considered ____ fat (Saturated)

Answer 34

Solid

Question 35

Fats in nuts, seafood, and seeds are considered ___ (unsaturated fats)

Answer 35

Oils

Question 36

Do vegetables and fruits have fat?

Answer 36

No

Question 37

Do grains have fat?

Answer 37

Small amounts