Unit 2: Sac 3 Flashcards
SEM
Social-ecological model
What is the social-ecological model made up of?
Influencers
Influencers
Things that influence physical activity, can be enablers and barriers
Levels of the social-ecological models
Physical activity behaviour Individual factors Social environment Physical environment Policy
Factors of individual
Age Gender Self efficacy Skill level Enjoyment Education SES Attitudes and knowledge
Factors of social environment
Family Friends Partner Peers Institutions and organisations Health professionals Access to social support Cultural background Socioeconomic status of the community
Environmental factors
Geography Weather Availability and access to facilities Aesthtics Safety Community design Public transport
Policy
Urban planning policies Incentives Active transport policies Health policies Education policies Environmental policies Workplace policies Funding policies
Why do we need a model to explain physical activity participation?
Physical activity behaviour and the factors influencing it are very complex.
- provide a framework to understand the influences
- help design more effective interventions
- used to inform intervention, implementation and evaluation
Why use the socio-ecological model?
The social-ecological model helps to identify opportunities to promote participation in physical activity by recognising the multiple factors that influence an individual’s behaviour. All levels need to be addressed in order to create a change in behaviour.
Strategies to change the indivdidual factors
changing an individual’s knowledge, attitudes, behaviour and skills
education and mentoring programs.
Strategies to change the social factors
community education
support groups
workplace incentives
social marketing campaigns
Strategies to change the environmental factors
talking or bicycle tracks and parks and ease of access to them.
Environmental changes must be made before educational attempts.
Strategies to change policy factors
Strategies which align physical activity participation with priorities from other sectors can increase the chances of succeeding.
4 core principles of the SEM
Multiple factors influence behaviour
Environments are multidimesional and complex
Human-environment interactions can be described at varying levels of organisation
The interrelationships between people and their environment are dynamic
Where can intervention strategies be used?
Schools
Workplaces
Communities
