Unit 2: Sex in History and Nuisance Sex Behaviours

Question 1

What are the four traits of early Hebrew families?

Answer 1

Patriarchal, patrilineal, patrilocal, and polygynous.

Question 2

In the Hebrew family, what was the purpose of sex?

Answer 2

Primarily for procreation and male pleasure.

Question 3

How did the Greek family view homosexuality?

Answer 3

It was institutionalized and socially accepted, particularly between adult males and boys.

Question 4

What were hetaerae in ancient Greece?

Answer 4

Educated prostitutes who engaged in civic and intellectual discourse with men.

Question 5

What was unique about the Roman family in terms of gender equality?

Answer 5

It allowed for greater equality, with daughters inheriting property and women holding official roles.

Question 6

What was the Roman belief of bi-humanity?

Answer 6

What was good for one sex was equally good for the other.

Question 7

How did early Christians view sex?

Answer 7

As utilitarian, for procreation only, and not for pleasure.

Question 8

What role did Emperor Constantine play in Christian sexual norms?

Answer 8

His Edict of Milan allowed Christianity to flourish, which led to stricter sexual norms.

Question 9

How did the Middle Ages Church control sexual behavior?

Answer 9

Through ecclesiastical laws regulating when and how sex could occur, tying it strictly to procreation.

Question 10

What was the purpose of sex during the Middle Ages according to the Church?

Answer 10

Strictly for procreation; pleasure was discouraged.

Question 11

How did the status of women change during the Christian period?

Answer 11

It declined; women were viewed as sources of sin and temptation.

Question 12

What are the four main sexual standards today?

Answer 12

Double standard, reverse double standard, one and a half standard, and single standard.

Question 13

What is the single standard of sexual behavior?

Answer 13

Both men and women are equally allowed to engage in sexual behavior regardless of affection.

Question 14

What sexual standard is most common among students today?

Answer 14

Single standard with emphasis on love, affection, and future commitment.

Question 15

How did sex change in the 20th century for women?

Answer 15

Women gained more sexual freedom, especially with the advent of birth control.

Question 16

What is the one and a half standard?

Answer 16

Men can have multiple partners without love; women can if love or affection is present.

Question 17

How has sex evolved historically?

Answer 17

From utilitarian and procreation-focused to encompassing recreation, pleasure, and enrichment.

Question 18

Nuisance Sex Behaviors

Answer 18

Sexual acts that cause no obvious physical harm to the practitioner or victim, such as voyeurism, exhibitionism, and fetishism. Often overlooked but may indicate potential for escalation to serious crimes.

Question 19

Erotolalia

Answer 19

Deriving major sexual satisfaction from talking about or listening to talk about sex.

Question 20

Erotomania

Answer 20

A compulsive interest in sexual matters.

Question 21

Scoptophilia (Voyeurism)

Answer 21

Sexual arousal from observing private or intimate acts, considered a paraphilia when obsessive and dependent on non-consensual viewing.

Question 22

Paraphilia

Answer 22

An erotosexual condition involving intense and persistent sexual interests in atypical objects, situations, or individuals.

Question 23

Pictophilia

Answer 23

Sexual arousal derived from erotic pictures, drawings, or similar visuals.

Question 24

Acrophilia

Answer 24

Sexual arousal from heights or high altitudes.

Question 25

Typology of Voyeurs in Strip Clubs

Answer 25

Erickson & Tewksbury's classification includes the lonely, socially impotent, bold lookers, detached lookers, players, and sugar daddies.

Question 26

Categories of JPGs (Holmes et al., 1998)

Answer 26

Bathroom, Beach, Innocents, Cartoon, True Crime, Oddities, Sexual Activities, Bondage/Discipline, Hidden, Exhibitionism.

Question 27

Traits of Scoptophiliacs

Answer 27

Sexually immature, frustrated, poor paternal relationships, overprotective mother, trauma history, low social/sexual skills, low self-esteem, chronic masturbation.

Question 28

Exhibitionism

Answer 28

Deliberate exposure of genitals to unsuspecting strangers for sexual arousal; often includes masturbation and distress or impairment.

Question 29

Agoraphilia

Answer 29

Sexual arousal from open spaces or having sex in public.

Question 30

Agrexophilia

Answer 30

Sexual arousal from being watched or from others knowing one is having sex.

Question 31

Transvestitism

Answer 31

Cross-dressing for sexual arousal initially, often followed by stress reduction; not inherently criminal or pathological.

Question 32

Infantilism

Answer 32

Paraphilia involving regression to infantile behaviors including diaper wearing, bottle feeding, and sometimes defecation for sexual or stress relief.

Question 33

Scatophilia

Answer 33

Sexual arousal through making obscene phone calls; relies on victim’s shocked reaction for gratification.

Question 34

Narratophilia

Answer 34

Sexual arousal from hearing sexual stories or narration; may apply to passive recipients of obscene phone calls.

Question 35

Frottage

Answer 35

Sexual gratification from rubbing against another person in public, typically in crowded spaces, often accompanied by fantasies.

Question 36

Klismaphilia

Answer 36

Sexual arousal associated with enemas, either in fantasy or in practice.

Question 37

Catheterophilia

Answer 37

Sexual arousal from the use of catheters.

Question 38

Bestiality

Answer 38

Sexual activity with animals, often coupled with cruelty in extreme cases (zoosadism).

Question 39

Formicophilia

Answer 39

Sexual arousal from insects crawling on the genitals or body.

Question 40

Zoophilia

Answer 40

Non-coital physical affection with animals involving fondling rather than intercourse.

Question 41

Zooeroticism

Answer 41

Deriving or seeking sexual satisfaction from relationships with animals.

Question 42

Arachnophilia

Answer 42

Sexual arousal from spiders.

Question 43

Triolism

Answer 43

Sexual arousal from watching oneself or one's partner in a sexual scene with others; linked to swinging or mate-swapping.

Question 44

Candaulism

Answer 44

Exposing one’s partner to others or forcing them to engage sexually with others for arousal.

Question 45

Polyamory

Answer 45

Engaging in romantic and/or sexual relationships with multiple people, with the consent of all involved.

Question 46

Saliromania

Answer 46

Sexual gratification from the defilement or destruction of nude images of females.

Question 47

Pygmalionism

Answer 47

Sexual attraction to statues, mannequins, or dolls; often involves control or avoidance of human intimacy.

Question 48

Gerontophilia

Answer 48

Sexual preference for elderly individuals; may be benign or sadistic in rare criminal cases.

Question 49

Mysophilia

Answer 49

Erotic interest in filth or soiled clothing; related forms include coprolagnia and urolagnia.

Question 50

Automysophilia

Answer 50

Sexual arousal from being dirty or filthy oneself.

Question 51

Coprolagnia

Answer 51

Sexual arousal from feces.

Question 52

Urolagnia

Answer 52

Sexual arousal from urine; includes practices like golden showers.

Question 53

Undinism

Answer 53

Sexual attraction to urine specifically.

Question 54

Consequences of Prostitution

Answer 54

Includes violence, disease, exploitation, and early death; average age of entry is 14, and over 70% report multiple rapes.

Question 55

Etiology of Prostitution

Answer 55

Often rooted in abuse, drug dependency, homelessness, and social disconnection.

Question 56

Streetwalker Risks

Answer 56

Includes physical violence, lack of client screening, murder, and exploitation; most arrested and least protected type of prostitute.

Question 57

Swinger Characteristics (Jenks, 1985)

Answer 57

Middle class, conservative, low religious identity, frequently moved, little identification with traditional institutions.

Question 58

Five Fears of Swingers

Answer 58

Fear of discovery by children, relatives, employer, disease, and intimacy.

Question 59

Obscene Callers Typology

Answer 59

Chronic, pseudo-help-seeking, and sexually abusive callers. Motivation ranges from sexual fantasy to aggression.

Question 60

What does 'Patriarchal' mean in the context of historical family structures?

Answer 60

A family structure where the father or eldest male is the head of the family and holds authority over women and children.

Question 61

What does 'Patrilineal' refer to?

Answer 61

A system in which lineage, inheritance, and family name are traced through the father's line.

Question 62

What is a 'Patrilocal' family structure?

Answer 62

A family arrangement where a married couple resides near or with the husband's parents.

Question 63

Define 'Polygynous'.

Answer 63

A marriage system where one man is married to multiple women simultaneously.

Question 64

Who were the 'Hetaerae' in ancient Greece?

Answer 64

Educated and cultured women in ancient Greece who acted as companions and were often involved in intellectual discussions and sexual relationships with men.

Question 65

What does 'Polytheistic' mean?

Answer 65

A belief system involving the worship of multiple gods.

Question 66

Define 'Hedonism'.

Answer 66

A philosophy that advocates the pursuit of pleasure and self-indulgence as the highest good.

Question 67

What is 'Voyeurism'?

Answer 67

A paraphilic disorder where sexual arousal is derived from observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity.

Question 68

What does 'Nudomania' mean?

Answer 68

Sexual arousal from nudity.

Question 69

Define 'Prostitution'.

Answer 69

The exchange of sexual services for money or other forms of compensation.

Question 70

What is 'Mysophilia'?

Answer 70

A paraphilia involving sexual arousal from filth, including dirt, soiled underwear, or other unclean materials.

Question 71

What are 'Coprolagnia and Coprophilia'?

Answer 71

Paraphilic interests involving sexual arousal from feces, either observing, handling, or being in contact with it.

Question 72

What are the historical origins of modern Western sexuality?

Answer 72

Modern Western sexuality originates from ancient Hebrew, Greek, Roman, and Christian family structures. Each contributed differing attitudes on sexual norms, gender roles, and the moral framing of sex. The shift from sexual pragmatism to repression is largely credited to early Christian influence.

Question 73

How did different historical family types influence sexual attitudes and practices?

Answer 73

Hebrew families emphasized patriarchy, procreation, and polygyny. Greek families permitted homosexuality and viewed sex as recreational. Roman families introduced gender equality in sex and pleasure. Christian families promoted sexual repression, celibacy, and the moral superiority of virginity.

Question 74

What are nuisance sexual behaviours?

Answer 74

Nuisance sexual behaviours include non-violent but deviant acts such as voyeurism, exhibitionism, frottage, fetishism, transvestitism, and others. They are often seen as precursors to more severe sex crimes and typically lack direct harm but violate social norms.

Question 75

Which nuisance behaviours may escalate into more serious sex crimes?

Answer 75

Voyeurism, exhibitionism, and frottage can escalate into more violent or invasive sex crimes. Studies have shown that many serial sex offenders began with these seemingly minor paraphilic behaviours before committing rape or murder.

Question 76

What treatments have been used for deviant sexual behaviours, and how successful are they?

Answer 76

Treatments include behavioural therapy, cognitive-behavioural therapy, aversion therapy, group and individual counselling, and in some cases, incarceration. Success rates vary; group therapy shows more promise, while long-term change often depends on individual motivation.

Question 77

What is myslophilia?

Answer 77

Myslophilia is a paraphilia involving erotic interest in filth, such as dirt, feces, or soiled clothing. It is sometimes considered a form of masochism, although it may also stand alone as a specific fetish. Practitioners may be sexually aroused by dirty environments, bodily waste, or practices involving defilement.