unit 2 vocab

Question 1

demography

Answer 1

the scientific study of human poulation, including their size, composition, distribution, and changes

Question 2

contraceptives

Answer 2

devices or methods used to revent pregnancy

Question 3

asylum

Answer 3

protection grantedby a nation to someone who has escaped their home country as a refugee

Question 4

crude birth rate

Answer 4

the number of births per 1,000 people in a population in a given year

Question 5

carrying capacity

Answer 5

the maximum population size that an environment can sustain indefinitely

Question 6

crude death rate

Answer 6

number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a given year

Question 7

Voluntary migration

Answer 7

the movement of people y their choice, often for economic reasons or to be with family

Question 8

agricultural density

Answer 8

the ration of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land

Question 9

transhumance

Answer 9

the seasonal movement of eople with their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures

Question 10

arithmetic density

Answer 10

the total number of people divided by the total land area

Question 11

intervening opportunities

Answer 11

the presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the atractivness of sites further away

Question 12

intervening obstacals

Answer 12

factor that cause immigrants to sto and settle before reaching their intended destination

Question 13

transnational migration

Answer 13

the movement of peol across nation borders, often to establish a new residence

Question 14

thomas malthus

Answer 14

an english economist who argues that increases in population would outgrow increases in the means of subsistence

Question 15

sex ration

Answer 15

the ratio of males to females in a population

Question 16

rate of natural increase

Answer 16

the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths occurring in a year

Question 17

population pyramid

Answer 17

a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age ground in a population, typically divided by gender

Question 18

guest workers

Answer 18

individuals who migratetemporarily to take up jobs in other countries

Question 19

forged migration

Answer 19

the involentary movement of a person or people from their home to a new location

Question 20

fertility rate

Answer 20

a measure of the number of children born to women in a population

Question 21

epidemilogic transition model

Answer 21

a model highlighting the distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

Question 22

demographic transition model

Answer 22

a graph that describes poulation change over time, based on birth and death rates

Question 23

internally displaced persons

Answer 23

people force to flee their homes but who remain within their country’s borders

Question 24

migration

Answer 24

the movement of people from one place to another with intentions of settling permanently or temporarily

Question 25

distance decay

Answer 25

the diminishing inn importance and eventual disapearence of a phenomenon with increasing distance from it's origin

Question 26

anti-natalist

Answer 26

government policies that seek to decrease the birth rate and slow population growth

Question 27

census

Answer 27

a complete enumeration of a population, typically recording various details of individuals

Question 28

mortality

Answer 28

the state of being subject to death

Question 29

age structure

Answer 29

the distribution of various age groups in a population, typically displayed in a population period

Question 30

overpopulation

Answer 30

the condition of having a population so dense as to cause environmental deterioration, an impaired quality of life or a population crash

Question 31

refugee

Answer 31

a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution or natural disaster

Question 32

push factors

Answer 32

factors that encourage peole to leave their current location

Question 33

pull factors

Answer 33

factors that attract people to move to a particular place

Question 34

pronatalist

Answer 34

goverment policies that encourage childbirth and aim to increase the population

Question 35

chain migration

Answer 35

the social process where migrant from a particular town follow others from that town to a particular destination

Question 36

dependency ration

Answer 36

the ratio of the economically dependent part of the population to the economically productive part

Question 37

step migration

Answer 37

the process of migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages

Question 38

ravensteins laws of migration

Answer 38

a set of theories about migration developed in the 19th century by ernst ravenstein

Question 39

physiological density

Answer 39

number of people per unit area of arable land

Question 40

doubling time

Answer 40

the number of year it takes for a population to double in size, assuming a constant rate of natural increase

Question 41

emigration

Answer 41

the act of leaving ones own country to settle permanently in another