unit 5 pg.312-121

Question 1

why does the consumption of food vary

Answer 1

-level of development
-physical conditions
-cultural preferences

Question 2

why are american and canadian farms different

Answer 2

they are mechanized, while the rest of the world is subsistence-run

Question 3

dietary energy consumption

Answer 3

amount of food that an individual consumes

Question 4

how is dietary consumption measured

Answer 4

kilocalaries

Question 5

what is the amount of kilo calaries one must consume to maintain moderate physical activity

Answer 5

at least 1,844 a day

Question 6

on average how many kcals are consumed on a daily basis by one person worldwide

Answer 6

2,902 kcals a day

Question 7

on average how many kcals are consumed on a daily basis by one person in developing regions

Answer 7

2,800 kcals a day

Question 8

on average how many kcals are consumed on a daily basis by one person in sub-saharan Africa

Answer 8

2,400

Question 9

why is famine a threat to the hook of Africa and Sahel

Answer 9

because farmers overplanted with population growth and animals overgrazed due to that

Question 10

food security

Answer 10

physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life

Question 11

how many of the worlds inhabitants dont have food scarcity

Answer 11

around 10%

Question 12

undernourishment

Answer 12

dietary energy consumption that is continuously below what is needed

Question 13

what countries have the most undernourished people

Answer 13

India and china

Question 14

why do we have high food prices

Answer 14

bad weather, high demand, less productivity, use of crops and biofuel instead of food

Question 15

where do most humans get their calaries from

Answer 15

cereal grain

Question 16

cereal grain

Answer 16

grass that yields grain for food

Question 17

grain

Answer 17

seed from cereal grains

Question 18

what are the three leading cereal grains

Answer 18

wheat, maize(corn), rice

Question 19

protein

Answer 19

nutrient needed for growth and maintenance of human body

Question 20

what is the leading source of protein in developed countries

Answer 20

meat

Question 21

what is the leading source of protein in developing countries

Answer 21

cereal grain

Question 22

agriculture

Answer 22

deliberate modification of the earth’s surface through the cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain

Question 23

cultivate

Answer 23

to care for

Question 24

crop

Answer 24

any plant cultivated by people

Question 25

hunters and gatherers

Answer 25

live in small groups move around lots spend time getting food .005% of today's population still lives like this

Question 26

agricultural revolution

Answer 26

humans first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering

Question 27

environmental factors that could have started the agricultural revolution

Answer 27

climate change that ended the ice age redistributed human, plants, and animals

Question 28

cultural factors that could have started the agricultural revolution

Answer 28

permanent settlement plant cultivation expiriments

Question 29

agricultural hearths- east asia

Answer 29

rice and millet

Question 30

agricultural hearths-southwest adia

Answer 30

barely, wheat, lentil, olive, domesticating farm animals, domesticating dog

Question 31

agricultural hearths-central and south asia

Answer 31

chickens, domesticated horse

Question 32

agricultural hearths-sub-saharan africa

Answer 32

sorghum, yams, millet, rice

Question 33

agricultural hearths-latin america

Answer 33

mexico:beans and cotton peru:potato others: corn

Question 34

Columbian exchange

Answer 34

transfer of plants animals, people, culture, and technology, between Western hemisphere and Europe, as a result of European colonization

Question 35

what has improved communication encouraged in agriculture

Answer 35

the diffusion of some plants

Question 36

subsistance agriculture

Answer 36

in developing countries, the production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family

Question 37

commercial agriculture

Answer 37

in developed countries, the production of cash crops, primarily for sale off the farm

Question 38

cash crops

Answer 38

grown for sale rather than a farmers old use

Question 39

what are the main factors distinguishing subsistence and commercial farming

Answer 39

-labor force -use of machinery -farm size

Question 40

why did the number of farmers decline a lot in the 20th century

Answer 40

-people pushed away from farming by lack of opportunity for a decent income -people pulled to higher-paying jobs in urban areas

Question 41

why do developed countries have less yet more efficient farming

Answer 41

technology

Question 42

how do developing countries farm

Answer 42

with hand tools and animal power