unit 3

Question 1

Accent

Answer 1

the manner in which people speak and the way words are pronounced in different parts of the world

Question 2

Acculturation

Answer 2

“Acculturation” is the term used to describe the adoption of certain cultural and social characteristics of one society by another society

Question 3

Adherents

Answer 3

Meaning: Adherents believe that inanimate objects possess sports and should be revered.

Question 4

Agnostic

Answer 4

Belief that nothing can be known about whether God exists.

Question 5

Animism

Answer 5

Animism. Definition: Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life.

Question 6

Artifacts

Answer 6

Artifact. An object made by human beings; often refers to a primitive tool or other relic from an earlier period. Built Environment. The part of the physical landscape that represent material culture; the buildings, roads, bridges, and similar structures large and small of the cultural landscape.

Question 7

Assimilation

Answer 7

Assimilation: the process through which people lose originally differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities or mannerisms, when they come into contact with another society or culture (usually a dominant one). Often used to describe immigrant adaptation to new places.

Question 8

Atheist

Answer 8

Atheism. Definition: Belief that God doesn’t exist. Real World Example: the Earth was made by scientists.

Question 9

Autonomous Religion

Answer 9

Autonomous religion. A religion that does not have a central authority but shares ideas and cooperates informally. Branch (of a religion) A large and fundamental division within a religion.

Question 10

Branch

Answer 10

Branch. Definition: A large and fundamental division within a religion. Example: Protestant from Christianity.

Question 11

Buddhism

Answer 11

Buddhism. the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth.

Question 12

Built Environment

Answer 12

Built environment: Produced by the physical material culture, the built environment is the tangible human creation on the landscape.

Question 13

Caste System

Answer 13

The Caste System is a part of Indian and Hindu culture that affixes an individual within a certain social group, from birth.

Question 14

Centrifugal Force

Answer 14

Centrifugal forces, in contrast to centripetal forces, are forces or attitudes that tend to divide a state.

Question 15

Centripetal Force

Answer 15

an attitude that unifies people and enhances support for a state

Question 16

Christianity

Answer 16

Christianity. a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as embodied in the New Testament, emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior.

Question 17

Collectivist Cultures

Answer 17

groups that share in some parts of the dominant culture but have their own distinctive values, norms, language, and/or material culture

Question 18

Contagious Diffusion

Answer 18

Contagious-The rapid widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population. Stimulus-The spread of an underlying principle when the characteristic fails to diffuse.

Question 19

Core-Domain-Sphere Model

Answer 19

Core-domain-sphere model, which is also known as the D.W. Meinig, is a model that shows the place where concentration of culture traits that characterizes a region is greatest.

Question 20

Cosmology

Answer 20

the science of the origin and development of the universe. Modern astronomy is dominated by the Big Bang theory, which brings together observational astronomy and particle physics.

Question 21

Creolization

Answer 21

Creolization. The process in which two or more languages converge and form a new language (used to describe languages in the Caribbean when slavery and colonization merged cultures.

Question 22

Cultural Appropriation

Answer 22

The term “cultural appropriation” is used to describe a situation where a dominant social or cultural group takes an expression, idea, or product from an oppressed cultural group and uses it for its own benefit.

Question 23

Cultural Convergence

Answer 23

Cultural Convergence. The contact and interaction of one culture with another. Cultural Perception.

Question 24

Cultural Ecology

Answer 24

Cultural ecology. Definition: Geographic approach that emphasizes the human-environment relationships

Question 25

Cultural Hearth

Answer 25

A “cultural hearth” is a place of origin for a widespread cultural trend.

Question 26

Cultural Landscape

Answer 26

Cultural landscape: Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group.

Question 27

Cultural Norms

Answer 27

human creations, such as values, norms, knowledge, systems of government, language, and so on, that are not embodied in physical objects.

Question 28

Cultural Perception

Answer 28

Cultural/Environmental Perception. The concept that people of different culture will definitely observe and interpret their environment and make different decision about its nature, potentiality and use.

Question 29

Cultural Relativism

Answer 29

Cultural relativism is the practice of assessing a culture by its own standards rather than viewing it through the lens of one's own culture

Question 30

Culture

Answer 30

The sum total of knowledge, attitudes and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society.

Question 31

Culture Complex

Answer 31

Culture Complex: When a trait combines with others in a distinctive way a culture complex is formed.

Question 32

Culture Realm

Answer 32

Cultural realm. The entire region throughout which a culture prevails.

Question 33

Culture Region

Answer 33

In anthropology and geography, a cultural region, cultural sphere, cultural area or culture area refers to a geography with one relatively homogeneous human activity or complex of activities (culture).

Question 34

Culture Trait

Answer 34

Culture Trait: a single attribute of a culture

Question 35

Custom

Answer 35

Custom. Definition: The frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group of people performing the act

Question 36

English

Answer 36

relating to England or its people or language.

Question 37

Denominations

Answer 37

A division of a branch of a religion that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body

Question 38

Dialects

Answer 38

Dialect. Definition: A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.

Question 39

Diffusion

Answer 39

Diffusion: The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time. Relocation diffusion: The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

Question 40

Ebonics

Answer 40

ebonics. dialect spoken by some african -americans. extinct language. language once used by people in daily activites but is no longer used.

Question 41

Ethnic Neighborhoods

Answer 41

Ethnic Neighborhood. an area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background. Ethnicity.

Question 42

Ethnic Religions

Answer 42

Ethnic religion. A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated.

Question 43

Ethnicity

Answer 43

thnicity is a term that describes shared culture – the practices, values, and beliefs of a group.

Question 44

Ethnocentrism

Answer 44

Ethnocentrism is the term anthropologists use to describe the opinion that one's own way of life is natural or correct.

Question 45

Expansion Diffusion

Answer 45

Expansion diffusion: The spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process.

Question 46

Folk Culture

Answer 46

Introduction. Conventionally, folk culture refers to the products and practices of relatively homogeneous and isolated small-scale social groups living in rural locations

Question 47

Franglais

Answer 47

Franglais. Definition: A term used by the French for English words that have entered the French language, a combination of franfais and anglai.

Question 48

Fundamentalism

Answer 48

Fundamentalism. Definition: Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion (or a religious branch, denomination, or sect).

Question 49

Gender Identity

Answer 49

Gender identity is a person's internal sense of themselves as a man or woman or another gender.

Question 50

Gendered Spaces

Answer 50

A critical concept in the geography of gender is the idea of gendered spaces. Gendered spaces are areas in which particular genders of people, and particular types of gender expression, are considered welcome or appropriate, and other types are unwelcome or inappropriate.

Question 51

Gentrification

Answer 51

Gentrification is a process of change currently underway in many American cities.

Question 52

Ghetto

Answer 52

Ghetto. During the Middle Ages, a neighborhood in a city set up by law to be inhabited only by Jew

Question 53

Globalization

Answer 53

Globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. Globalization results in the expansion of international cultural, economic, and political activities.

Question 54

Habit

Answer 54

Habit. Definition: A repetitive act performed by a particular individual. Example: Brushing Teeth in the Morning. Application: A habit is hard to break and can tell a person a lot about another.

Question 55

Hierarchical Diffusion

Answer 55

-Hierarchical diffusion: The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places.

Question 56

Hierarchical Religion

Answer 56

Hierarchical religion. A religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control.

Question 57

Hinduism

Answer 57

Meaning: A religion where adherents are born into the faith.

Question 58

Identity

Answer 58

dentity. defined by geographer Gillian Rose as "how we make sense of ourselves"; how people see themselves at different scales

Question 59

Ideogram

Answer 59

A language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used. Ideogram. symbol that stands for a concept rather than a word

Question 60

Indo-European

Answer 60

Indo-European Languages. a family (or phylum) of several hundred related languages and dialects,[1] including most major languages of Europe, Iran, and northern India, and historically also predominant in Anatolia and Central Asia.

Question 61

Islam

Answer 61

Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that Muhammad is a messenger of God.

Question 62

Isogloss

Answer 62

An “isogloss” is a boundary line between two distinct linguistic regions. It can be a boundary between two different languages, or, more frequently, the boundary between two different dialects of the same language.

Question 63

Isolate

Answer 63

Definition: A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family.

Question 64

Judaism

Answer 64

A religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people.

Question 65

Language

Answer 65

the principal method of human communication, consisting of words used in a structured and conventional way and conveyed by speech, writing, or gesture

Question 66

Language Branch

Answer 66

Language branch. A collection of languages related by a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago, derived from the same family

Question 67

Language Family

Answer 67

A language family is a group of different languages that all descend from a particular common language.

Question 68

Language Groups

Answer 68

language group. A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary

Question 69

Lingua Franca

Answer 69

A lingua franca is a language that combines simple words from multiple languages so that people who need to understand one another, in order to conduct trade and facilitate business, are able to communicate with one another.

Question 70

Literary Tradition

Answer 70

Literary Tradition. Definition: A language that is written as well as spoken. Example: English with Roman Alphabet.

Question 71

Logogram

Answer 71

Logogram. Definition: a symbol that represents a word rather than a sound.

Question 72

Material Culture

Answer 72

Anything that can physically be seen on the landscape. Built environment: Produced by the physical material culture, the built environment is the tangible human creation on the landscape.J

Question 73

Mentifacts

Answer 73

Mentifact. The central, enduring elements of a culture expressing its values and beliefs, including language, religion, folklore, and etc. Popular Culture.

Question 74

Missionary

Answer 74

Missionary. An individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion. Monotheism. The doctrine or belief of the existence of only one god.

Question 75

Monotheism

Answer 75

Explanation: Monotheism is characterized by the belief that there is only one god or divine being.

Question 76

Multiculturalism

Answer 76

According to the Dictionary of Human. Geography, multiculturalism can be defined as. 'The belief that different cultural or ethnic groups

Question 77

National Language

Answer 77

Definition: A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages

Question 78

Official Language

Answer 78

Official language. The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents. Pidgin language

Question 79

Pagan

Answer 79

pagan. A follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times.

Question 80

Pidgin

Answer 80

A combination of two or more languages into one fluid and changeable dialect.

Question 81

Pilgrimage

Answer 81

pilgrimage. voluntary travel by an adherent to a sacred site to pay respects or participate in a ritual at the site. sacred sites. place or space people infuse with religious meaning.

Question 82

Placemaking

Answer 82

Strengthening the connection between people and the places they share, placemaking refers to a collaborative process by which we can shape our public realm in order to maximize shared value

Question 83

Polyglot

Answer 83

Polyglot. Knowing or using several languages; an area where several languages are spoken.

Question 84

Polytheism

Answer 84

Polytheism. Belief in or worship of more than one god. Sect. A relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination.

Question 85

Popular Culture

Answer 85

Popular culture: Culture that is not tied to a specific location but rather a general location based on widespread diffusion.

Question 86

Postmodern Architecture

Answer 86

postmodern architecture. a reaction in architectural design to the felling of sterile alienation that may people get from modern architecture.

Question 87

Religion

Answer 87

Religion. a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny. animism.

Question 88

Safe Spaces

Answer 88

In reality, 'safe spaces' describes a diverse set of social and therapeutic practices and conditions that can be found throughout social institutions and informal networks, emerging in education, youth work and therapeutic support groups, in addition to activists seeking to raise consciousness or encourage political

Question 89

Sect

Answer 89

Sect (Religious Sect) A relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination.

Question 90

Secularized

Answer 90

Secularization is a cultural transition in which religious values are gradually replaced with nonreligious values.

Question 91

Sense of Place

Answer 91

The term sense of place has been used in many different ways. It is a multidimensional, complex construct used to characterize the relationship between people and spatial settings.

Question 92

Sequent Occupance Model

Answer 92

Sequent occupance: The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

Question 93

Shamanism

Answer 93

a religion practiced by indigenous peoples of far northern Europe and Siberia that is characterized by belief in an unseen world of gods, demons, and ancestral spirits responsive only to the shamans also : any similar religion.

Question 94

Sikhism

Answer 94

A monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 1500s by the guru Nanak.

Question 95

Slang

Answer 95

slang. an informal, often short-lived kind of language used in place of standard words.

Question 96

Sociofacts

Answer 96

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

Question 97

Solstice

Answer 97

Solstice. Definition: Astronomical event that happens twice each year, when the tilt of Earth's axis is most inclined toward or away from the sun, causing the Sun's apparent position in the sky to reach its northernmost or southernmost extreme and resulting in the shortest and longest days of the year.

Question 98

Spanglish

Answer 98

Spanglish. Definition: Combination of Spanish and English, spoken by Hispanic-Americans.

Question 99

Standard Language

Answer 99

combination of english and spanish. standard language. form of a language used for official government business, education and mass communications.

Question 100

Stimulus Diffusion

Answer 100

diffusion in which one people receives a culture element from another but gives it a new and unique form.

Question 101

Syncretism

Answer 101

Syncretism. The blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait. Traditional/tribal religion

Question 102

Syntax

Answer 102

Syntax. ~The manner in which words are arranged into sentences. Cadence.

Question 103

Taboo

Answer 103

Taboo. Definition: A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom. Example: Chinese people eating Bull testicles for sexual stamina.

Question 104

Terroir

Answer 104

Terroir: The contribution of a location's distinctive physical features to the way food tastes (associated with France, Italy).

Question 105

Third Place

Answer 105

Third places is a term coined by sociologist Ray Oldenburg and refers to places where people spend time between home ('first' place) and work ('second' place).

Question 106

Toponyms

Answer 106

A toponym is the name of a place

Question 107

Trade Language

Answer 107

trade language. A language used between native speakers of different languages to allow them to communicate so that they can trade with each other.

Question 108

Traditional Architecture

Answer 108

traditional architecture. traditional building styles of different cultures, religions, and places. vernacular. the commonly spoken language or dialect of a particular people or place. acculturation.

Question 109

Traditional Culture

Answer 109

Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups

Question 110

Tribal Religion

Answer 110

In keeping with the nature of Indian religion generally, these particular religions often involve traditions of ancestor worship or worship of spirits of natural features

Question 111

Uniform Landscape

Answer 111

Uniform landscape. The spatial expression of a popular custom in one location being similar to another

Question 112

Universalizing Religions

Answer 112

Geographers distinguish two types of religions: 1. Universalizing religions- attempt to be global by appealing to all people regardless of location or culture

Question 113

Vernacular

Answer 113

Vernacular geography is the sense of place that is revealed in ordinary people's language.

Question 114

Vocabulary

Answer 114

the body of words used in a particular language.

Question 115

Vulgar Latin

Answer 115

Vulgar Latin. a form of Latin used in daily conversation by ancient Romans, as opposed to the standard dialect, which was used for official documents.

Question 116

Zionism

Answer 116

Zionism. the movement to unite Jewish people of the diaspora and establish a nation homeland for them in the promised land.

Question 117

Glocalization

Answer 117

Glocalization is the concept that in a global market, a product or service is more likely to succeed when it is customized for the locality or culture in which it is sold.