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Respiratory - Semester I > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

3 Parts of the Sternum

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid Process

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2
Q

What is the correct number of group for true ribs?

A

1-7

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3
Q

What is the correct number of group for false ribs?

A

8-10

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4
Q

What is the correct number of group for floating ribs?

A

11-12

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5
Q

Sol layer

A

Bottom fluid layer housing the cilia

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6
Q

Gel layer

A

A viscous top layer overlaying the cilia

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7
Q

The mediastinum contains:

A

Heart, great vessels, esophagus, trachea

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8
Q

Functions of the airways

A

Conduct air
Filter foreign material greater than 5 microns
Warm and humidify inspired gases
Phonation and olfactory

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9
Q

Mucocililar escalator

A

Cilia moves mucus via a wave toward the trachea where it can be swallowed or coughed out

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10
Q

The mucociliar escalator moves at a rate of ____ cm/min

A

2

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11
Q

Primary cells responsible for the production of mucous

A

Goblet cells

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12
Q

The nose can filter out particles > than ____ microns

A

5

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13
Q

Calculate RAW: peak pressure=25 cmH2O, PEEP=12 cmH2O, plateau pressure=22 cmH2O, and flow=65 LPM

A

2.8cmH2O/L/Sec

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14
Q

What is the normal RAW?

A

1.6 cmH2O/L/Sec

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15
Q

What is the range of RAW

A

0.6-2.4 cmH2O/L/Sec

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the sinuses?

A

Lighten the skull and voice resonance

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17
Q

Another name for laryngopharynx

A

Hypopharynx

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18
Q

Where are the Eustachian tubes located and what is their purpose?

A

Location: Nasopharynx
Purpose: Communicate with tympanic cavity or middle ear (allow equilibrium pressure for the eardrum with environmental pressure changes)

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19
Q

Opening to the larynx

A

Glottis

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20
Q

Covers the glottis opening during swallowing

A

Epiglottis

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21
Q

“Adams Apple”

A

Thyroid cartilage

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22
Q

Landmark for intubation (space between the tongue and epiglottis)

A

Vallecula

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23
Q

Smallest opening in the adult airway

A

Glottis

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24
Q

Smallest opening in neonatal airway

A

Cricoid cartilage

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25
Q

Epiglottitis should be treated with

A

Intubation

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26
Q

A patient with croup would demonstrate what type of breath sounds?

A

Stridor

27
Q

In order to facilitate your co-worker in the viewing of the glottis during intubation, you could ____

A

Apply cricoid pressure

28
Q

An emergency airway may be performed at what ligament?

A

Cricothyroid ligament

29
Q

This emergency airway is called

A

Cricoidotomy

30
Q

Being very specific, where is the tracheostomy performed?

A

1-3 cm below the cricoid cartilage

31
Q

What lies posterior to the trachea?

A

Esophagus

32
Q

The trachea is ____ cm in length

A

10-13

33
Q

The trachea has ____ C-shaped rings

A

16-20

34
Q

The trachea is about ____cm in diameter

A

2-2.5

35
Q

The trachea is line with ____ ____ ____ epithelium

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

36
Q

The trachea is also lined with ____ muscle allowing for changes in diameter with inspiration and expiration.

A

Smooth

37
Q

The trachea is also called the ____

A

Windpipe

38
Q

T/F All tracheal rings are complete circles

A

False

39
Q

The carina bifurcates into the ____ and ___ mainstem bronchi

A

Right, Left

40
Q

The point at which the trachea branches into two mainstem bronchi is called the ____

A

Carina

41
Q

The left main stem bronchus branches off the trachea an angle of _____ degrees

A

40-60

42
Q

The right main stem bronchus branches off the trachea at an angle of ____ degrees

A

20-30

43
Q

If you were to aspirate a coin, which lung would it enter?Why?

A

Right, because there is less of an angle and the opening is wider

44
Q

The right lung has ___ lobar bronchi

A

3

45
Q

The left lung has ___ lobar bronchi

A

2

46
Q

There are ___ segmental bronchi in the right lung

A

10

47
Q

There are ___ segmental bronchi in the left lung

A

8

48
Q

Surfactant ___ surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse and is secreted by the ____ cells. If there is a reduction in surfactant, atelectasis will occur.

A

Reduces, Type II

49
Q

We have _____ million alveoli

A

300-600

50
Q

What is the thickness of the A-C membrane

A

0.5 microns

51
Q

What are three types of cells that comprise the alveolar epithelium

A

Type I cell
Type II cell
Type III cell

52
Q

What are the openings in the intraalveolar septa called that are responsible for collateral ventilation

A

Pores of Kohn

53
Q

Another name for Type II or Type B cells is ____

A

Granular pneumocytes

54
Q

Another name for Type I cells or Type A cells is _____

A

Squamous pneumocytes

55
Q

What is the function of the lower airway?

A

Ventilation and Repsiration

56
Q

The lung and each of its lobes are encased in ___ pleura

A

Visceral

57
Q

The ____ pleura lines the thoracic cavity

A

Parietal

58
Q

The potential space between the two layers of the pleura that contains fluid is termed the _____. And why is there fluid between the two layers?

A

Intrapleural space; It allows the 2 pleura to slide over each other with reduced frictional resistance.

59
Q

The lungs weigh ___ grams

A

800-1000

60
Q

The ___ lung lies higher in the thorax to accommodate the ___

A

Right, liver

61
Q

which fissure isolates the RLL from the RML and RUL

A

Oblique Fissure

62
Q

Which fissure isolates the RUL and RML

A

Horizontal Fissure

63
Q

Which fissure isolates the LUL from the LLL

A

Oblique Fissure

Respiratory - Semester I (13 decks)

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