Unit 3 Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
Republicans/north nominate who for president
A
Abraham Lincoln
2
Q
What did Abraham believe in
A
Free soil (no slaves )
3
Q
Who did NOT vote for lincoln
A
The south because he was going to get rid of slaves
4
Q
The southern states start to think about what after Lincoln is elected
A
secession
5
Q
who is the first state to secede
A
South Carolina (test answer)
6
Q
What was the souths/confederates first order of business, after suceeding?
A
Take Fort Sumter
7
Q
What was fort Sumter?
A
A union stronghold in charleston South carolina.
8
Q
What begins/starts the civil war
A
The shelling of fort sumter on April 12th
9
Q
What was the point of the civil war
A
To keep the states together not for slavery. In order to keep the union together they had to think what can they do about slavery?
10
Q
In response to the south bombing fort sumter Lincoln sends how many troops to take the fort back
A
75,000 troops
11
Q
Because Lincoln sends the troops what happens
A
Virginia, Arkansas, North carolina, and Tennessee joined the confederacy (VANT)
12
Q
Who did the confederates choose as a president?
A
Jefferson davis
13
Q
what was one industrial improvement ?
A
steel
14
Q
the civil war was the first modern war that used what items
A
- heavey artillery
- railroads
- telegrpah communication
- balloon observations
15
Q
In the future we take generals and make them what
A
presidents
16
Q
Who did Lincoln want as their general first?
A
Robert E lee but Ulysses was his second choice
17
Q
Who was the unions general
A
Ulysses S grant
18
Q
the union fought what on invaders
A
offensivley
19
Q
the union had 85% of what manufacturing
A
iron industries
20
Q
Who was the confederacy/souths general
A
Robert E lee
21
Q
the south/confederacy army is skilled in what?
A
More military skill
22
Q
what resources did the south have
A
financial and natural resources
23
Q
the south fought?
A
defensively (defenders) they just want to keep what they have.
24
Q
What did the emancipacion proclimation do
A
Lincolns purpose of the proclimation was to keep the union together because the states cannot break away from the union. the proclimation only freed SOME SLAVES. ONLY THE SLAVES IN STATES OF REBELLION WILL BE SET FREE.
25
did the emancipation proclamation free all the states slaves in the US
no
26
how long did the civil war last
4 years
27
Where did the civil war wrap up?
the Appomattox courthouse in Virgina
28
Which general surrendered to who
General lee surrendered to general grant.
29
After the civil war, how was the south
- Cities were in ruins
- illness swept the region
- economy shattered (lack jobs)
-after the freedom of slaves they were homeless.
30
What was reconstruction about? (Lincolns plan 2 part plan)
1. How to bring the south back into the nation
2. How to provide for the freed slaves
(test question)
31
What is the 10% Plan
a plan to bring the south back to the union
32
What did you have to do in the 10% percent plan
10% of the state population (voting men) have to swear an allegiance to the consitution
2. after they need to write a new consitution
3. the southerners would recieve amnesty(forgivness), property rights, and political rights.
33
What was lincolns plan for reconstruction
the 10% plan and the freedmans Bureau
34
What is the Freedmen's Bureau
(providing for slaves) n organization that helped slaves transition into a free way of life.
THey helped with things like
- food, clothing
Hispitals, churches
- schools, finding jobs
35
Why did congress dislike the Freedmans Bureau
they claimed it was too expensive and lienient. The Northerners intent was to punish the south for what they had done
36
what did the states compromise with lincolns plans
congress passed the wade Davis Bill which compromises he 10% plan to make it that 50% of the states population has to swear allegiance. They also said
federal troops will be sent to the south`
37
What happeneds to the wade davis bill
lincoln vetos the bill
38
Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln
John Wilkes Booth
39
Lincolns assassination happened how many days after the civil war? and what was their original plan
5 days after the war and their orignial plan was a kidnapping.
40
After Lincoln died who became the new president
Andrew Johnson
41
Did Andrew Johnson follow through with lincolns ideas
yes but he kinda supported lincolns 2 part plans
42
In 1865 the 13th amendment was
Passed: Abolition of slavery. The orignal document didnt cover a lot of things
43
the civil rights act of 1866 did what
Grants African americans citizenship and fully legal equality
44
The 14th amendment did what
Prevents states from denying rights to any citizen. Equal protection under law.
45
Johnson vetoes what
He vetoed civil Rights act and 14th amendment. he doesnt think that they should be citizens.
46
Because Johnson vetoed the civil rights act and amendment, congress wanted to what
Impeach the president
47
Who was the first impeachment in history
Andrew Johnson
48
Removal from office vote failed by how many votes
1 vote
49
Who was the next president after Andrew Johnson
Ulysees S grant
50
What was the 15th amendment about
It gave African Americans the right to vote (JUST MEN)
51
Congress passed Reconstruction acts which was
-Abolish state governments in the south
- Divide the south into 5 military districts
- Federal troops into each district
- must ratify the 14th amendment (rights of citizens) to renter the union.
52
What were black codes
Subjected former slaves to rescrictions to teir new freedom
53
Black codes were passed out by local government which would limit their freedom to what
- forbid blacs to testify against whites
- cannot hold large meetings
- cannot bear arms
- cannot serve on juries.
54
What was the first industrial rev powered by
Water, Coal, Steam
55
what was the second industrial rev powered by
steel and oil
56
What were the 4 key factors of industrialization in the 1800s?
1.Abundant natural resources
2. Improved transportation
3. Growth in cities
4. Government support
57
What was under the adundant factor?
- coal
- oil
-Iron Ore
58
What was under the improved transportation factor?
railroads and Ocean shipping
59
What was under the Growth in citites factor?
Increase in foreign immigration
60
What was under the government support factor?
Loans to buisnesses
few regulations on business
high tarrifs (txes on imports)
61
What did charles darwin say
Natural selection = only the fittest survive.
62
Busisness owners beleived that society progressed through
natural competition
63
who invented the bessemer process
Henry bessemer
64
the bessemer process made big profits becuase
it had low production costs
65
Who was the industrial leader for steel
Andrew carnegie
66
Who was the industrial leader for oil
John D Rockefeller
67
John D Rockefeller did what
Reduced consumer oil prices because he already bought all the production needs. He also made people go bankrupt if other businesses did not work with him
68
What was the merger
The merger was the process and the end result was a trust
the trust is formed out of a merger.
"the combining of 2 or more competing firms to make one"
The purpose was the keep businesses from failing
69
what are the 2 different kinds of mergers
Horizontal (rockfeller and oil)
vertical (you own the resources and transportation (carnegie)
70
Who was the Largest merger
JP Morgan
71
What was the main reasons immigration happened in the US
People flocked from nearby cities form nearby lands in search for
-jobs
- opportunity
-a better life
72
name 2 things foreigners were subjected to through the processing of Ellis Island?
- mental illness
- contagious disease
- criminals
- means of support
- serious health issued
73
what happened if the immigrants didnt pass the physical exam
they were deported
74
What problems evolved after taking in so many immigrants into cities
-. overcrowded subrubs
- poor sanitation
- violence
- politcal corruption
75
What was the attraction to majors citites to immigrants
JOBS
- plays, concerts
- stores with new cloithes
- new technology
-Lesuirer time/ park sports
-Anonymity (hiding)
76
Cities began to be divided into
Race-Ethnicity- Class
77
Why were the cities being divided bad for African americans
they were still facing racial discrimination.
-Due to racial prejudice
- forced to live in small areas
- overcrowded living
78
What was the nativist resposne to immigration
Nativist: favoring native born americans over foreigners
- too different to fit in
- spreading radical political ideas
- causing crime, poverty, and violence
79
What did the Chinese exclusion act say
- can no longer own property
- can not hold certain jobs
- no citizenship for chinese born people
80
how did trusts corrupt the gov.
eliminated competition. often businesses that did not join went out of business.
81
What were business influences on the government
1. biz owners ran for the gov
2. made big money contributions to politicians
3. bribed legislators.
82
Who became rich due to bribes?
the mayors of the cities becuase businesses would bribe them into making their businesses boom
83
Who named the gilded age
Mark Twain
84
Rich Business owners became known as? and why
Robber Barons
1. built million dollar homes
2. Bought expensive furnishing
3. threw outrageous/expesnvie parties
85
what happeneds if farmers cant pay off their debts (loans )
banks took their farmers.
86
two groups were formed to unite what were they
The national grange
Farmers alliance
87
What was the national grange about
- formed a CO-OP
-shared: credit, supplies, and profiles
-wanted: gov to lower railroad costs
88
What was the farmers alliance about
-Also formed CO-OP
- offered low cost insurance
- lobbied: graduated tax rate
89
what is Laissez fiare
Hands off"a policy of letting things businesses take their own course, without interfering.
90
What was the new political party
populist (peoples party)
91
what were the populist made of
made up of farmers and reformers (changers), and laborers
92
what did the populist stand for?
Giving the government back to the people (reform)
93
Why did the poopulist exist
- tax the rich more
-restrict immingration
- shorter work day 8 hours
- free coinage of silver
94
What is the gold standard
- only printed enough paper money as we had gold in banks
- this restricted paper money in circulation
- helped cause the 1870s/1890s depression
95
What was the populists idea to fix not printing enough paper money
to use silver, this would cuase more circulation and farmers could get out of debt. Agricultural prices would rise.
96
Who was the Republican running for president in 1896
William Mckinley
- supported big businesses and they donated millions
97
Who was the Democrat running for president in 1896
William jennings Bryan
- believed in free silver (not populist but believed in some of the causes)
-he ran 3 times never made it
98
Whats Allegory
the representation of abstract meanings through the actions of fictional characters that serve as symbols (ON THE TEST)
99
Who wrote the Wonderful Wizard of Oz
L frank Balm
100
What did Oz stand for in wizard of oz
Ounces, of gold and silver
101
Who did Dorthy represent?
the american people
102
The yellow brick road represented
a paved path of gold bricks (gold)
103
what did dorthy's shoes represent
silver standard to solve problems
104
What does the scarcrow represent
farmers with no brains
105
What does the tin man represent
workers with no heart
106
what does the cowerdly lion represent
william Jennings bryan
107
the emerald city represents
Washington DC money
108
Glenda the good which of the North represents
new england the northern populist`
109
Wicked witch of the west represents
dangerous american western frontier
110
flying monkeys represent
another western danger - the plains indians
111
the wicked witch of the east represents
the bankers robber barons of industry
112
the munckins represnt
works and slaves of big business also child labor
113
the wizard represents
president Mckinley becuase he was thought to be a deceptive person
114
What was the progressive movement
populist protested unfair busisness practices, pushed for gov action, mainly a RUAL MOVEMENT (FARMERS)
115
what is the progressive movement
a set of principles dedicated to reforming social issues
- focused on URBAN PROBLEMS (CITIES)
116
What were the urban/social problems
- neg effects of industrialism
- unethical busisness monopolies
-unequal distribution of wealth
- political corruption /machines
- urban decay/poor sanitation
- worker exploitation
117
What is the Direct Primary
An election open to all voters within a political party to choose its candidates
118
What is the inititave
Allows citizens to introduce bills into the legislature
119
What is the recall
Gives citizens to introduce bills into the legislature.
120
What did the political reform include
the direct primary
- the inititave
-the recall
121
what was the 16th amendment
(federal income tax)
122
17th amendment was about
Public direct election of senators
123
what was the 18th amendment about
prohubition of alcohol (thought to remove problems)
124
what was the 19th amendment about
womans sufferage voting
125
What was the economic reform (at the end )
Regulations on big businesses
Care for injured workers
Working day limit (10 hours)
