Unit 3 Flashcards
(44 cards)
Define Assimilation in the context of cognitive development.
Assimilation is the process of interpreting new information within the framework of existing knowledge.
How does a child demonstrate Assimilation when encountering a new animal?
A child might see a horse and call it a dog, interpreting the new information using their existing knowledge.
What is Accommodation in Piaget’s theory?
Accommodation involves making small changes to existing knowledge to cope with new information that does not fit existing frameworks.
What are the stages of cognitive development according to Piaget?
Cognitive development occurs in a series of stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, and formal operations.
Identify the age range for the Sensorimotor stage of development.
The Sensorimotor stage occurs from birth to 1.5 years.
What characterizes the Sensorimotor stage of development?
In the Sensorimotor stage, children learn about the world through their senses and body movement.
List the age range for the Preoperational stage of development.
The Preoperational stage occurs from 2 to 7 years.
What is the age range for the Concrete Operations stage?
The Concrete Operations stage occurs from 7 to 11 years.
At what age does the Formal Operations stage begin?
The Formal Operations stage begins at 11 years and continues into adulthood.
Describe the significance of Equilibrium in Piaget’s theory.
Equilibrium is achieved when assimilation and accommodation work together to create a balance between the mind and the environment.
What happens between 1-4 months of age in infant development?
Infants learn to combine two reflexes, such as waving their fists and bringing them to their mouths.
How does hand-eye coordination improve between 4-8 months?
Infants respond to other stimuli and improve their hand-eye coordination, for example, by trying to bump a rattle again after it makes a noise.
Define intentional behavior in infants aged 8-12 months.
Intentional behavior refers to infants learning that certain actions lead to specific results, imitating others, and following objects with their eyes.
What is object permanence and when do infants typically develop it?
Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight, typically developed around ten months.
How do infants engage in trial and error between 12-18 months?
Infants engage in trial and error by performing actions like pushing a cracker off a highchair and observing the results.
What cognitive abilities begin to develop in infants aged 18-24 months?
Infants begin to experiment mentally as well as physically, thinking about their actions before performing them.
Describe the transition to the preoperational stage in child development.
The preoperational stage involves basic mental operations replacing sensorimotor activities as the primary way to learn, although children still lack logic.
How do children in the preoperational stage learn?
Children learn mostly through language and mental images, actively constructing their own understanding of concepts and operations.
Describe the characteristics of children in the Preoperational stage.
Children in the Preoperational stage are prone to thinking errors, use feelings to solve problems rather than logic, engage in make-believe play, and exhibit egocentrism.
Define egocentrism in the context of child development.
Egocentrism is the inability to see a situation from another person’s perspective, exemplified by a child believing that the sun follows them and goes to bed when they do.
How does multiple classification manifest in children during the Preoperational stage?
Multiple classification is the ability to understand that an object can fit into more than one category, which develops as children grow.
Explain the concept of seriation in child development.
Seriation is the ability to order groups of things by size, weight, or common property, such as arranging beads on a bracelet from smallest to largest.
What is conservation in the context of child cognitive development?
What is conservation in the context of child cognitive development?Conservation refers to the understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or arrangement, such as believing that a taller glass holds more liquid.
What is conservation in the context of child cognitive development?
Conservation refers to the understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or arrangement, such as believing that a taller glass holds more liquid.
