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Art History 1 > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Aisles

A

The walkway between the sections of seats, for example, in a theater.

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2
Q

Altarpiece

A

A religious subject painted or carved on a screen above or behind the altar or table in a Christian church and often made of two or more panels.

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3
Q

Ambulatory

A

An area for walking, usually semicircular, around the apse of a church.

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4
Q

Animal Style

A

Characterized by animal and bird designs and themes.

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5
Q

Apse

A

An architectural term

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6
Q

Archivolts

A

In architecture, a decorated band that forms an arch-like frame for an opening.

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7
Q

Basilica

A

A columned meeting hall in ancient Rome

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8
Q

Book of Hours

A

A popular devotional book used by Christians during the Middle Ages.

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9
Q

Burgher

A

A middle-class citizen of a borough or town.

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10
Q

Byzantine

A

A term referencing the Byzantine Empire, and a style of art developed during the Byzantine Empire characterized by religious iconography, very formal, shallow pictorial space, and rich colors.

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11
Q

Byzantium

A

A Greek city rebuilt by Constantine in 330 CE and renamed Constantinople.

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12
Q

Campanile

A

Usually freestanding, a bell tower.

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13
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic system in which means of production (capital) is privately owned.

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14
Q

Catacombs

A

An underground cemetery with tunnels and rooms with burial chambers.

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15
Q

Cathedral

A

The main church that contains the bishop’s throne.

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16
Q

Choir

A

Architecture

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17
Q

Clerestory

A

A part of a building that rises above the roofs—basically, windows above eye level, primarily for allowing light and ventilation.

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18
Q

Cloisonné

A

A type of decoration consisting of colored enamel separated by bands of metal.

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19
Q

Cubicula

A

Burial chambers in a catacomb.

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20
Q

Encaustic

A

A type of painting that uses beeswax as a binder.

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21
Q

Fibula (plural Fibulae)

A

A pin used to hold together a cloak in ancient Greece and Rome.

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22
Q

Flanders

A

A region in Belgium characterized by a thriving artistic, educational culture and society, especially noted for textiles.

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23
Q

Flemish

A

Belgian Dutch, referring to Flanders.

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24
Q

Flying Buttress

A

Associated with Gothic church architecture, an exterior segmented semi-arch that relieves load-bearing walls.

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25
Gothic
An architectural style originating in France during the 12th century. Traits of Gothic include the use of the pointed arch, flying buttress, rib vault, and a general emphasis on space and verticality.
26
Humanism
Study or system of ethical practice that promotes human interests, values, scientific investigations, and human pleasures in the natural world and often rejects the belief in God.
27
Icon
A religious image of an important person from Christianity, used as an aid to worship in the Byzantine tradition.
28
Iconoclasm
The intentional deconstruction of religious or political icons, symbols, or monuments.
29
Iconography
A type of visual symbolism
30
Illuminated Manuscript
A type of book written by hand that combines imagery and text and usually also includes decoration in gold and silver leaf.
31
Jamb
Pillar, frame, post, lintel on either side of a doorway, window, or arch.
32
Linear Perspective
A form of perspective in which the lines of manmade objects (roads, buildings) are at right angles to the picture plane and converge toward a vanishing point.
33
Mandorla
An area of radiance or luminous glow in paintings that are sacred
34
Maniera Greca
In Italian painting, the tendency to paint in the "Greek" style reminiscent of Byzantine icons, with stiff, flattened forms, hard lines that indicate folds in cloth, and the use of gold leaf.
35
Manuscript Illumination
Decorating and illustrating a manuscript and embellishing it with gold or silver.
36
Mausoleum
A tomb or building containing tombs.
37
Modeling
In painting, the depiction of forms, particularly the human form, as having a rounded three-dimensional shape, indicated by the use of shadows.
38
Modular Design
In architecture, an approach that divides a system into smaller parts that can be created and used in different systems with much functionality.
39
Mosaic
A system of patterns on a floor, wall, or ceiling constructed of small colored pieces of inlaid stone, glass, clay, or other materials.
40
Naturalism
An artistic approach that involves reproducing objects as they appear to the eye. This term is often used in art history as a substitute for realistic, to avoid any confusion with realism as an artistic movement.
41
Nave
A long central aisle that extends the whole length of the church.
42
Northern Renaissance
An age of artistic and cultural discovery and Christian humanism that took place in Germany, the Netherlands, and France.
43
Ogival Dome
A primary quality of Gothic architecture
44
Oil Painting
The process of applying pigments suspended in linseed oil to a surface characterized by quality that gives it a luminous appearance.
45
Orant figures
Image of a person in the early Christian position of prayer, with arms outstretched.
46
Orthogonal
In mathematics, two lines or curves are orthogonal if they are perpendicular, or at right angles, at the point of intersection.
47
Pantocrator
Refers to a specific Christian iconography
48
Parchment
A paper-like writing material made from the skin of a sheep or goat.
49
Pendentive
An architectural term
50
Perspective
A technique that depicts three-dimensional volume and space relationships on a flat surface.
51
Picture Plane
The invisible plane that corresponds to the surface of the painting
52
Pilgrimage
A long journey, expedition, or crusade.
53
Pointed Arch
Also referred to as the "ogival arch," a primary characteristic of Gothic architecture
54
Primary Sources
An account or evidence of a historical event that was produced at the same time as the event.
55
Pseudo-Dionysus
A Christian philosopher mystic and theologian during the late 5th century.
56
Reliquary
A storage container for relics.
57
Renaissance
A cultural movement marking a time of accelerated activity and learning expressed by art and literature in Europe during the 14th to 17th centuries.
58
Reverse Perspective
Also called Byzantine perspective, where lines of vanishing points diverge outside the picture plane or outside a painting.
59
Rib Vault
Architecture
60
Romanesque
The styles of sculpture, painting, decoration, or architecture during the period from the 9th to the 12th century.
61
Rose Window
Circular window, especially seen in Gothic church architecture.
62
Scholasticism
A form of theology and philosophy taught at universities during the Middle Ages, based on Aristotelian logic.
63
Scriptorium (plural Scriptoria)
A room in a monastery used for writing.
64
Squinch
An architectural term
65
Synagogue
A Jewish house of worship.
66
Syncretism
Attempt at uniting differing or opposing practices in religion or philosophy.
67
Theotokos
The Greek title of the Christian Virgin Mary as the Mother of God.
68
Tympanum
In architecture, a semicircular space above a doorway that is often decorated with sculpture.
69
Vanishing Point
The point on the horizon where the straight lines of linear perspective converge
70
Vellum
Calfskin or lambskin used as a writing surface.
71
Pseudo-Dionysus
A Christian philosopher mystic and theologian during the late 5th century.

Art History 1 (4 decks)

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