Unit 3 Flashcards by Nua Thatjanda

What is rough sawn timber?

Timber that is cut to size but not smoothed or planed.

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What is planed square edge (PSE) timber?

Timber with one smooth edge, rest is rough.

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What is natural timber?

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What are manufactured boards?

Man-made boards like MDF, plywood, or chipboard.

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What are mouldings?

Pre-shaped timber sections like skirting or coving.

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What is planed all round (PAR) timber?

Timber that is smooth on all faces and edges.

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What is grain pattern in wood?

The visible lines formed by growth rings and fibres.

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What does grain direction refer to?

The orientation of the wood fibres.

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: What are surface defects in timber?

Imperfections like knots, splits, or resin pockets.

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What is warpage in timber?

Twisting or bending caused by uneven drying.

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What is shrinkage in wood?

Reduction in size due to loss of moisture.

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What is splitting in timber?

Cracks that run along the grain, often from drying.

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Why is joining important in woodwork?

Timber must be joined securely for construction.

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What is forming in wood?

Shaping wood through processes like cutting or bending.

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What is steam bending?

Bending wood using heat and moisture.

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What is laminating in timber work?

Gluing thin layers of wood together for strength or shape.

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What are machining qualities?

How well wood handles cutting, drilling, and shaping.

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What is resistance to decay?

A wood’s ability to withstand rot and fungal damage.

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What is moisture resistance?

The ability of wood to resist water absorption.

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Why is toxicity considered in woods?

Some woods produce harmful dust or sap.

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What is pine used for?

Furniture, construction, and interior joinery.

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What are properties of pine?

Lightweight, easy to work, and inexpensive.

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What is spruce used for?

Musical instruments and construction.

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What are properties of spruce?

Straight grain and good strength-to-weight ratio.

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What is Douglas fir used for?

Heavy structural work and veneers.

What are properties of Douglas fir?

Durable, resistant to splitting.

What is redwood used for?

Outdoor furniture and decking.

What are properties of redwood?

Durable and resistant to decay.

What is cedar used for?

Outdoor cladding and fencing.

What are properties of cedar?

Naturally oily and insect-resistant.

What is larch used for?

Exterior cladding and boat building.

What are properties of larch?

Tough and weather-resistant.

What is oak used for?

Flooring, furniture, and barrels.

What are properties of oak?

Strong, durable, and resistant to moisture.

What is ash used for?

Tool handles and sports equipment.

What are properties of ash?

Flexible, tough, and shock-resistant.

What is mahogany used for?

High-end furniture and veneers.

What are properties of mahogany?

Rich in colour, easy to work, and durable.

What is teak used for?

Garden furniture and boat decks.

What are properties of teak?

Very durable and water-resistant.

What is birch used for?

Furniture and plywood.

What are properties of birch?

Fine grain and good for machining.

What is beech used for?

Toys, chairs, and kitchen tools.

What are properties of beech?

Hard, close-grained, and finishes well.

What is plywood made from?

Layers of wood veneer glued at 90° angles.

What are properties of plywood?

Strong, stable, and resistant to warpin

What is marine plywood used for?

Boat building and wet environments.

What is aeroply used for?

Lightweight model making and gliders.

What is flexible plywood used for?

Curved furniture and shapes.

What is chipboard made from?

Wood chips bonded with resin.

What are properties of chipboard?

Cheap but weak unless veneered.

What is MDF?

Medium Density Fibreboard — fine wood fibres and resin.

What are properties of MDF?

Smooth, easy to finish, but dust is harmful.

What are veneers?

Thin decorative slices of wood.

What are melamine formaldehyde laminates?

Hard-wearing plastic coating on boards.

What is polyurethane varnish used for?

A tough, clear protective coating.

What is acrylic varnish used for?

A water-based finish that dries quickly.

What are water-based paints used for?

Adding colour and surface protection.

What do wood stains do?

Enhance grain and change colour.

What is a colour wash?

A thin, tinted paint that adds colour while showing grain.

What are wax finishes used for?

Adding shine and a natural feel.

What does Danish oil do?

Penetrates and protects wood with a slight sheen.

What is teak oil used for?

Protects oily woods like teak from drying.

What is pressure treating?

Forcing preservatives deep into timber to resist rot.

What is a hardness test?

Checks resistance to scratching or denting.

What is industrial testing?

tandardised lab tests for properties like strength.

What is tensile testing?

Measures how much force wood can handle when pulled.

What is the Janka hardness test?

Measures how hard wood is by pressing a steel ball into it.

What are Charpy and Izod tests for?

Measuring impact strength or toughness.

What is a toughness testing machine?

Device that tests resistance to breaking under sudden force.

What are non-destructive tests?

Tests that don’t damage the wood (e.g., ultrasound).

What is ultrasonic testing used for?

Detecting internal flaws using sound waves.

What is X-ray testing used for in wood?

To see inside timber without cutting it open.

Unit 3 Flashcards

(73 cards)