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Pharmacology > Unit 3-Antidepressants > Flashcards

Unit 3-Antidepressants Flashcards

1
Q

Tranylcypromine

Drug class

A

MAOi

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2
Q

Tranylcypromine

Mechanism

A

Irreversibly inhibit both MAOa and MAOb

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3
Q

Tranylcypromine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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4
Q

Tranylcypromine

Side effects

A
  • Hypertensive crisis (with tyramine-rich foods);
  • serotonin syndrome (MAOI + SSRI); agitation (rare), delerium –> seizures
  • Anticholinergic, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, sedation
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5
Q

Phenelzine

Drug class

A

MAOi

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6
Q

Phenelzine

Mechanism

A

Irreversibly inhibit both MAOa and MAOb

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7
Q

Phenelzine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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8
Q

Phenelzine

Side effects

A
  • Hypertensive crisis (with tyramine-rich foods)
  • serotonin syndrome (MAOI + SSRI); agitation (rare), delerium –> seizures
  • Anticholinergic, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, sedation
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9
Q

Desipramine

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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10
Q

Desipramine

Mechanism

A
  • Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity;
  • also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors
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11
Q

Desipramine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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12
Q

Desipramine

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore
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13
Q

Imipramine

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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14
Q

Imipramine

Mechanism

A
  • Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity; also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors
  • forms active metabolite (desipramine)
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15
Q

Imipramine

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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16
Q

Imipramine

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore;
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17
Q

Amitriptyline

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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18
Q

Amitriptyline

Mechanism

A

Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity; also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors

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19
Q

Amitriptyline

Uses

A
  • Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism;
  • prevention of tension headaches, migraines
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20
Q

Amitriptyline

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore;
  • forms active metabolite (nortriptyline)
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21
Q

Nortriptyline

Drug class

A

Tricyclic

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22
Q

Nortriptyline

Mechanism

A

Block reuptake of NE or 5-HT at varying potencies and selectivity; also variably block muscarinic, a-adrenergic, dopamine, and histamine receptors

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23
Q

Nortriptyline

Uses

A

Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism

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24
Q

Nortriptyline

Side effects

A
  • Sympathomimetic (cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects, especially at OD)
  • Antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation (additive with alcohol), seizures
  • Not very safe; rarely used anymore
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25
Fluoxetine Drug class
SSRI
26
Fluoxetine Mechanism
Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)
27
Fluoxetine Mechanism
Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)
28
Fluoxetine Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism; pre-menstrual dystrophic disorder
29
Fluoxetine Side effects
* Serotonin syndrom (with MAOIs) * Fewer than tricyclics; * mostly nausea, decreased sexual function * Potent P450 inhibitor; * forms active metabolite (norfluoxetine)
30
Paroxetine Drug class
SSRI
31
Paroxetine Mechanism
Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)
32
Paroxetine Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism
33
Paroxetine Side effects
* Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs) * Fewer than tricyclics; * mostly nausea, decreased sexual function * Potent P450 inhibitor
34
Sertraline Drug class
SSRI
35
Sertraline Mechanism
Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)
36
Sertraline Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism
37
Sertraline Side effects
* Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs) * Fewer than tricyclics; * mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
38
Escitalopram Drug class
SSRI
39
Escitalopram Mechanism
Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)
40
Escitalopram Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism
41
Escitalopram Side effects
* Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs) * Fewer than tricyclics; * mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
42
Citalopram Drug class
SSRI
43
Citalopram Mechanism
Inhibit reuptake of 5-HT (and NE to lesser extent)
44
Citalopram Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism
45
Citalopram Side effects
* Serotonin syndrome (with MAOIs) * Fewer than tricyclics; * mostly nausea, decreased sexual function
46
Duloxetine Drug class
SNRI
47
Duloxetine Mechanism
Inhibits reuptake of 5-HT and NE
48
Duloxetine Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism
49
Venlafaxine Drug class
SNRI
50
Venlafaxine Mechanism
Inhibits reuptake of 5-HT and NE
51
Venlafaxine Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism
52
Buproprion Drug class
Atypical
53
Buproprion Mechanism
Blocks DA and NE reuptake
54
Buproprion Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism; maintain nicotine abstinence in quitting smokers
55
Buproprion Side effects
Lowers seizure threshold
56
Mirtazapine Drug class
atypical
57
Mirtazapine Mechanism
5HT2a antagonists; also inhibit 5HT reuptake
58
Mirtazapine Uses
Depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism
59
Lithium Mechanism
Unknown; lithium depletes secondary messengers IP3 and DAG, important in a-adrenergic and muscarinic-cholinergic transmission
60
Lithium Uses
* Anti-manic/mood-stabilizing (bipolar); * long-term cluster headache prevention
61
Lithium Side effects
* If elevated levels: neurotoxicity, cardiac toxicity, renal dysfunction * Drowsiness, weight gain, tremor, polydipsia, polyuria * Nausea and vomiting early sign of lithium OD; * indomethacin and Na-depleting diuretics should be avoided (increase [Li])

Pharmacology (26 decks)

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