Unit 3 AOS 3B Flashcards
(20 cards)
Facilities design + layout
Refers to the three different types of layouts that an organisation could have. These are fixed position layout, product layout or process layout.
Fixed position layout
- large scale processes, large products
- construction of bridges, ships, aircraft,buildings
- materials and workers need to come to the site
- manufacturing layouts
- hard to store materials, disadvantage
Product layout
- manufacturing of goods, large amount of one product, assembly line
- components are added each step
- production on a conveyor belt, cost reduced
- disadvantages, staff can get bored, if there’s one problem the whole assembly line needs to shut down.
Process layout
- equipment and work centres are arranged into similar functions
- high varieties of products, grouping activities
- similar functions arranged together
- steps done in cells
Quality management strategy
Aiming and achieving the highest standards of goods and services in an organisation by optimising customer expectations with consistent products. This can be done using quality control, quality assurance and total quality management.
Quality control
Involves the checking of products at different stages of the operations system in order to ensure that they meet pre-established standards of quality.
- improvements lead to greater business competitiveness
- inspections while going through process
- to reduce problems and defects
Quality assurance
Aims to build quality into work processes in order to avoid defects before they occur. This provides a competitive advantage for the organisation.
- preventing mistakes
- ISO 9001- international organisation of standards, standards for organisations to meet
Total quality management (TQM)
Where all members of an organisation aim to participate in continuous, ongoing improvement in organisational culture and operations processes.
- day-to-day, continuous improvements
- commitment to excellence
- quality circles- employee discussions, team approach
- aim to improve performance at every level o the organisation
- improved quality and productivity leads to greater competitive performance
Materials management
Materials management is the strategy that managers the use, storage, and delivery of materials to ensue the right amount of inputs is available when required in the operations system. It is important because it is used to optimise operations, meaning it will result in less waste as the precise amount of materials required is calculated.
- storing materials safely
- identifying ongoing materials required
- receiving materials
- handling resources
Master production planing
Part of materials planning. Details what is to be produced and when.
Materials requirements planning
List of all materials required, to meet the specified orders.
Supply chain
Refers to the flow of inputs. It includes the movement and storage of raw materials into the business, and the finished good from point of origin to point of consumer. The supply chain must flow efficiently and consider sustainability, cost and quality.
Just in time
A strategy to increase efficiency and decrease waste by receiving goods only as they are needed in the production process, reducing production costs.
Use of technology
Includes the use of machinery, robotics and computers within an organisation. This is used to speed up production, shorten processes and minimise costs overall improving quality, productivity and profit. LSOs need to acquire up to date technologies for business competitiveness.
Office technology
Includes printers, photocopiers, computers, internet, phones, databases and podcasts. This makes the production more efficient because employees are able t reach more customers around the world, do more work in less time and work from different locations. It also allows research and development through access to the internet.
Customer relations management
Systems to maintain customer contact by providing services directly to the customer. Software, computers and machinery allows employees to improve customer service and to store information about customers and sales. This can help increase competitiveness.
Manufacturing technology
The use of robotics within LSOs completing complex tasks including engineering, research and assembly lines. Machineries work without complaints, wages, leave, absenteeism and training. They can work with prevision and in conditions dangerous to humans but require set up and machinery costs. Robotics can reduce labour costs because they can work 24/7. Overall they increase production and profit.
Computer aided design
Computerised design tool that allows a business to create product possibilities
Computer aided manufacture
Software that designs and controls manufacturing processes
Computer integrated manufacturing
Computerised system to manage the entire production process.
