UNIT 3, AOS2 - Dot point 1 (operant conditioning) Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is operant conditioning?
A three-phase learning process that involvesan antecedent, behaviour, and consequence, whereby the consequenceof a behaviour determines the likelihood thatit will reoccur.
what is the antecedent?
The antecedent is that which initiates, stimulates or triggers the behaviour.
what is the behaviour?
The behaviour is also known as the operant response. This is where an individual acts upon their environment.
what is the consequence?
The consequence is that which shapes or guides future behaviour.
what is Reinforcement?
A consequence that increases the likelihood of a behaviour reoccurring.
what is Punishment?
A consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behaviour reoccurring.
what is positive?
addition of something
positive reinforcement, getting a good grade because you studied.
positive punishment, getting a detention for being rude.
what is negative?
removal of something
negative reinforcement, not having to do chores because of good sac score.
negative punishment, getting your keys taken for staying out too late.
true or false?
in operant conditioning, the person or animal is active (they make choices).
so true
what is important for rewards or punishments to work best?
Order matters – The reward or punishment should happen after the action, not before.
Timing matters – It works best if given right after the action.
Appropriateness matters – Make sure the reward or punishment fits the person and situation (what works for one person might not work for another).
In operant conditioning, is the learner active or passive?
Active – they make choices about their actions.
Are the responses in operant conditioning voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary – they choose their behaviour.
When is the consequence (stimulus) given in operant conditioning?
After the behaviour.
