Unit 3 Lesson 3

Question 1

Tectonic Plate Motion

Answer 1

Movement causing stress on rock structures.

Question 2

Stress

Answer 2

Force per unit area applied to an object.

Question 3

Deformation

Answer 3

Rocks change shape under stress.

Question 4

Folds

Answer 4

Bends in rock layers due to folding.

Question 5

Syncline

Answer 5

Youngest rock layers at fold’s core.

Question 6

Anticline

Answer 6

Oldest rock layers at fold’s core.

Question 7

Fault Plane

Answer 7

Location where two fault blocks meet.

Question 8

Compression

Answer 8

Stress from plates moving towards each other.

Question 9

Tension

Answer 9

Stress from plates moving away from each other.

Question 10

Shear Stress

Answer 10

Stress from plates moving past each other.

Question 11

Reverse Faults

Answer 11

Form under compression at convergent boundaries.

Question 12

Normal Faults

Answer 12

Form under tension at divergent boundaries.

Question 13

Strike-Slip Faults

Answer 13

Fault blocks move horizontally past each other.

Question 14

Fault Blocks

Answer 14

Rock segments on either side of a fault.

Question 15

Convergent Boundaries

Answer 15

Form where two tectonic plates collide.

Question 16

Divergent Boundaries

Answer 16

Form where two tectonic plates move apart.

Question 17

Transform Boundaries

Answer 17

Form where tectonic plates slide past each other.

Question 18

Fault Formation

Answer 18

Cracks form when rocks break under stress.

Question 19

Rock Layers

Answer 19

Strata that can bend or break under stress.

Question 20

Plate Boundaries

Answer 20

Locations where tectonic plates interact.

Question 21

Landforms Creation

Answer 21

Mountains formed by fault movements.

Question 22

Arched Layers

Answer 22

Rock layers bent upward in synclines.

Question 23

Divergent Boundary

Answer 23

Plates move apart, forming new lithosphere.

Question 24

Transform Boundary

Answer 24

Plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes.

Question 25

Folded Mountains

Answer 25

Mountains formed by compressed rock layers.

Question 26

Volcanic Mountains

Answer 26

Mountains formed by erupting melted rock.

Question 27

Fault-Block Mountains

Answer 27

Mountains formed by tension and faulting.

Question 28

Uplift

Answer 28

Process causing land to rise, forming mountains.

Question 29

Convergent Boundary

Answer 29

Plates collide, often forming folded mountains.

Question 30

Magma

Answer 30

Melted rock beneath Earth's surface.

Question 31

Lava

Answer 31

Magma that reaches Earth's surface.

Question 32

Volcano

Answer 32

Opening where gas, ash, or rock erupts.

Question 33

Dormant Volcano

Answer 33

Volcano not erupted in a long time.

Question 34

Shield Volcano

Answer 34

Broad, gently sloping volcano from low viscosity lava.

Question 35

Cinder Cone

Answer 35

Steep, conical volcano from ejected lava fragments.

Question 36

Composite Volcano

Answer 36

Steep volcano formed from alternating eruptions.

Question 37

Lava Plateau

Answer 37

Flat land formed from extensive lava flows.

Question 38

Crater

Answer 38

Depression at a volcano's summit.

Question 39

Caldera

Answer 39

Large depression formed after a volcanic eruption.

Question 40

Viscosity

Answer 40

Resistance of lava to flow.

Question 41

Basaltic Lava

Answer 41

Least viscous lava, flows easily at 30-60 km/hr.

Question 42

Andesitic Lava

Answer 42

Middle viscosity lava, flows at 10 km/hr.

Question 43

Rhyolitic Lava

Answer 43

Most viscous lava, flows at 1 km/hr.

Question 44

Pyroclastic Material

Answer 44

Hot ash and rock ejected during eruptions.

Question 45

Shield volcanoes

Answer 45

Broad bases, gentle slopes, mild eruptions.

Question 46

Cinder cones

Answer 46

Small volcanoes with steep slopes from ash.

Question 47

Composite volcanoes

Answer 47

Layers of lava and pyroclastic material, steep.

Question 48

Fissure eruptions

Answer 48

Lava flows from cracks in Earth's surface.

Question 49

Lava plateau

Answer 49

Flattened layer of cooled lava from fissures.

Question 50

Volcanic crater

Answer 50

Depression at volcano's top caused by eruptions.

Question 51

Magma chamber

Answer 51

Expanded area of molten rock inside a volcano.

Question 52

Caldera

Answer 52

Basin-shaped depression from an emptied magma chamber.

Question 53

Tectonic plates

Answer 53

Giant lithosphere sections on Earth's surface.

Question 54

Divergent plate boundaries

Answer 54

Plates moving apart, causing fissure eruptions.

Question 55

Hot spots

Answer 55

Volcanoes formed far from plate boundaries.

Question 56

Mid-ocean ridge

Answer 56

Underwater mountain range from divergent boundaries.

Question 57

Rift valley

Answer 57

Formed when crust stretches at divergent boundaries.

Question 58

Convergent plate boundaries

Answer 58

Plates collide, forming composite volcanoes.

Question 59

Ring of Fire

Answer 59

Explosive volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean.

Question 60

High viscosity magma

Answer 60

Magma that traps gas bubbles, causing explosions.

Question 61

Explosive eruptions

Answer 61

Violent eruptions from high gas pressure.

Question 62

Mantle plume

Answer 62

Column of hot mantle rock creating volcanoes.

Question 63

Gas bubbles in magma

Answer 63

Formed from high fluid concentration in magma.

Question 64

Undersea volcanoes

Answer 64

Develop from eruptions at ocean floor divergent boundaries.

Question 65

Pyroclastic material

Answer 65

Volcanic rock fragments ejected during eruptions.

Question 66

Lava flows

Answer 66

Molten rock that moves from a volcano.

Question 67

Volcanic activity

Answer 67

Processes involving the formation and eruption of volcanoes.

Question 68

Folded Mountains have _____ Boundaries

Answer 68

Convergent

Question 69

Volcanic Mountains have ______ Boundaries

Answer 69

Convergent and Divergent

Question 70

Fault-Block Mountains have _____ Boundaries

Answer 70

Transform

Question 71

List the 6 volcanic landforms

Answer 71

1. Shield Volcanoes 2. Cinder Cones 3. Composite Volcanoes 4. Lava Plateaus 5. Creators 6. Calderas