Unit 3 List 1 Macromolecule Flashcards
(17 cards)
Macromolecule
large, complex molecules, often polymers, formed by linking smaller repeating units (monomers) through covalent bonds
Organic
relating to or derived from living matter.
Monomer
a small, basic building block molecule that can bond with other similar molecules to form a larger, more complex molecule called a polymer.
polymer
a large molecule (macromolecule) composed of repeating structural units or monomers, connected by covalent chemical bonds.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates, or carbs, are sugar molecules
lipdids
Lipids are fatty compounds that perform a variety of functions in your body
fatty acids
Fatty acids are the building blocks of fats, both in our bodies and in the food we eat, and are broken down during digestion into fatty acids, which can then be absorbed into the blood.
protein
Proteins are made up of chemical ‘building blocks’ called amino acids. Your body uses amino acids to build and repair muscles and bones and to make hormones and enzymes
amino acids
Amino acids are molecules that combine to form proteins. Amino acids and proteins are the building blocks of life.
enzymes
biological catalysts, usually proteins, that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process.
catalyst
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed itself.
nucleic acids
Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses
nucleotide
A molecule that is the basic building block of the nucleic acids DNA and RNA.
hormone
Hormones are your body’s chemical messengers
steroids
Steroids, also called corticosteroids, are anti-inflammatory medicines used to treat a range of conditions.
dehydration synthesis
Dehydration synthesis is the creation of larger molecules from smaller monomers where a water molecule is released
hydrolesis
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which a chemical compound is broken down by reaction with water
