Unit 3 - Modelling

Question 1

Graphical Models

Answer 1

2D drawings, diagrams, and sketches.

Question 2

Physical Models

Answer 2

3D, clay, cardboard, rapid prototype (other materials)

Question 3

Advantages of concept models

Answer 3

Allows clients to provide input, reduction of development costs, communicate function and aesthetics

Question 4

Disadvantages of concept models

Answer 4

Simple concepts (not detailed), materials are not accurately represented, scaled models do not communicate proportions

Question 5

2D

Answer 5

Quick representations and communications of an idea.

Question 6

Orthographic Drawing

Answer 6

accurate representation of form, communicates dimensions/form, shows side of a product

Question 7

Isometric Drawings

Answer 7

no vanishing points, 30/90/60, overall form of a product

Question 8

Part and Assembly drawings

Answer 8

Shown as an exploded isometric drawing, purpose is to communicate the sequence of assembling a project.

Question 9

perspective drawings

Answer 9

showing an object as if viewed from a single point.

Question 10

Sketching

Answer 10

quick to create, easy to communicate

Question 11

Scale Models

Answer 11

model that is either a smaller or larger physical copy of an object.

Question 12

Aesthetic models

Answer 12

developed to look and feel like the real product. Form over function

Question 13

Mock-ups

Answer 13

scale or full-size representation of a product used to gain feedback from users. Some functionality

Question 14

Prototypes

Answer 14

sample or model built to test a concept or process, or to act as an object to be replicated or learned from. High, mid, or low fidelity.

Question 15

Low Fidelity

Answer 15

not tangible or durable, but they do communicate basic information about form, shape, function,

Question 16

Mid fidelity

Answer 16

communicate more about an idea or concept. Have some function

Question 17

high fidelity

Answer 17

represent as close as possible the functionality of the final product.Durable enough to test and gather usability data.

Question 18

instrumented models

Answer 18

equipped with the ability to take measurements to provide accurate quantitative feedback

Question 19

Surface Modelling

Answer 19

only communicates information about the surface of the design.Communicates aesthetics

Question 20

Motion capture

Answer 20

recording of actual human movement using video, magnetic, or electro-mechanical devices.

Question 20

Top-down strategies

Answer 20

New features and parts are added as the design evolves. Related parts are connected.

Question 20

Bottom-up strategies

Answer 20

Individual parts are design separately and then assembled to final design.

Question 20

Digital Humans

Answer 20

simulations of the biomechanics of the human body

Question 21

Data models

Answer 21

database or data set that is used to present and or understand the performance fo a design

Question 21

FEA

Answer 21

Finite Element Analysis: calculation of loads and stresses on a product using CAD software

Question 21

Solid Modelling

Answer 21

accurate digital models of the whole part or object. Communicates details about dimensions, materials, function, and components.

Question 21

Virtual Prototyping

Answer 21

allow the designer to simulate the design, communicate with clients and the design team, and explore the design

Question 22

Virtual Reality

Answer 22

virtual environment where the user can interact with it in a realistic way

Question 22

FDM

Answer 22

Fused deposition modelling: material is extruded through a model. (Plastics, clays, dough)

Question 22

Haptic Tech

Answer 22

use the sense of touch to provide feedback to the user.

Question 22

Animation

Answer 22

used to confirm the placement of equipment and determine safety, ergonomics, and efficiency of a factory layout.

Question 22

SLA

Answer 22

Stereolithography: liquid polymerized in a liquid container. (resins)

Question 23

SLS

Answer 23

Selective Laser Sintering: Metal powder sintered using a laser. (Metal powders, ceramic powders, polymer pwders)