Unit 3: Native Americans in the U.S- Hodder 27-37 Flashcards
(65 cards)
Key question
How and to what extent did Native Americans achieved equality in the USA after 1945?
Who was not given citizenship in the Declaration of Independence (1776)?
Merciless Indian Savages
Reservation?
An area of land
set aside for Native American
tribes in the nineteenth
century.
Federal government
The
USA is a federal state, where
political power is divided
between the federal
government (consisting of the
President, Congress and the
Supreme Court, all located in
Washington, DC) and the
states.
Great Depression
Worldwide economic
depression which began in
1929 and lasted for around
10 years.
Democrat
The Democratic
Party favours government
intervention on behalf of the
less fortunate.
Congress
Legislative branch
of US government, consisting
of the Senate and the House
of Representatives.
When were Native Americans granted citizenship?
1924
What did FDR’s Commission for Indian Affairs (John Collier) sponsor?
Indian Reorganization Act (1934)- restored some tribal control over reservation land and facilitated federal loans to struggling tribes
BIA?
Bureau of Indian Affairs: Established in 1824, the BIA had responsibility for
Native Americans. From the late twentieth century, it
focused more on advice and less on control.
Pueblo
Native American
tribe of the West.
Republican
The Republican
Party tends to favour minimal
government intervention in
the economy and society.
What did the BIA do for Native Americans?
employed more Native Americans, and
tribes acquired more land, better medical services, larger federal grants and
renewed pride in their culture.
What did Trumans create Indian Claims Commission have an aim of?
to compensate Native Americans for previous unjust land loss.
What progress was made during Eisenhower presidency?
Little/less progress: African Americans had the main stage, pressure of assimilation (cold war)
What is the NCAI and who were they motivated by?
National Congress of American Indians (1944), 1st pan-Indian movement. Inspired by NAACP
Rights revolution
Increasingly assertive
movements for equal rights
for minorities and women in
the 1960s.
Direct action
Physical
protest, such as occupation
of land.
Uncle Tom
Uncle Tom in
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s
novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin
(1852) was perceived as
excessively deferential to
whites by twentieth-century
African Americans, who
described obsequious
contemporaries as Uncle
Toms.
Sit-ins
African American
protesters sat in and refused
to move from white-only
restaurants in the midtwentieth century.
Supreme Court
The
judicial branch of the federal
government, which rules on
the constitutionality of actions
and laws.
Ghettos
Areas in cities
inhabited mostly or solely by
(usually poor) members of a
particular ethnicity or
nationality.
After gaining self confidence during the 1960’s rights revolutions what did Natives use?
Direct ACTION
What inspired the formation of the NIYC?
1961, 500 tribal and urban N.Americans leaders attended a national confrence of Native political orgs in Chicago
