UNIT 3 - Philosophy, Principles, and Practices of Agricultural Extension

Question 1

It is defined as the body of principles that governs the conduct of human activity

Answer 1

Philosophy

Question 2

According to them, the basic philosophy of extension is to teach people how to think, not what to think.

Answer 2

Kelsey and Hearne (1967)

Question 3

It is the pursuit of wisdom, a body of general principles or laws of a field of knowledge.

Answer 3

Philosophy

Question 4

It is a statement of policy which guides an individual to take decision in a consistent manner.

Answer 4

Principle

Question 5

Cultural barriers are ethnicity, religion, social status, level of education, membership to organizations, economic situation and others. An extension worker must know and should be able to adjust to the culture of the people.

Answer 5

Principle of cultural difference

Question 6

The culture of the people changes with extension if they could feel and see the outcomes and impacts of the efforts of the extension workers.

Answer 6

Principle of cultural change

Question 7

People are likely to support extension programs based on their needs and interest.

Answer 7

Principle of interest and needs

Question 8

Start where the people are and with what resources they have.

Answer 8

Principles of grassroots approach

Question 9

The rural people and the extension worker should cooperate with each other for the development of the community.

Answer 9

Principle of cooperation

Question 10

The rural people and the extension worker should cooperate with each other for the development of the community.

Answer 10

Principle of cooperation

Question 11

The rural people learn by doing.

Answer 11

Principle of participation

Question 12

The extension worker should have knowledge and skills in using the appropriate combination of methods for specific situations.

Answer 12

Principle of the use of extension teaching methods

Question 13

To reach a great number of people in the barangay within a short amount of time, local leaders must be trained and encouraged to help in extension work.

Answer 13

Principle of leadership

Question 14

Words of praises, recognition, and appreciation encourage voluntary participation and voluntary leaderships in the extension program.

Answer 14

Principle of satisfaction

Question 15

Specialists in agriculture share their research findings to the farmers through the extension workers.

Answer 15

Principle of trained specialists

Question 16

Extension should consider all the members of the family in introducing development projects.

Answer 16

Principle of whole family approach

Question 17

_______ are expressions of the ends toward which our efforts are directed.

Answer 17

Objectives

Question 18

It is to develop the rural people economically, socially, and culturally by means of education.

Answer 18

Fundamental Objective of Extension

Question 19

A major objective of extension where it increases production and income.

Answer 19

Material

Question 20

A major objective of extension where it changes the outlook of people or develop the individuals.

Answer 20

Educational

Question 21

A major objective of extension where it aims for the development of the community.

Answer 21

Social and cultural

Question 22

It includes the technology or recommended practices to be introduced.

Answer 22

The Message

Question 23

The one who is going to accept and use the message of technology.

Answer 23

The Clientele or End-user

Question 24

The one who exerts all the effort and means to induce desirable changes in the community.

Answer 24

The Change Agent

Question 25

This person inevitably works with people whose circumstances are different from their own.

Answer 25

Extension agent

Question 26

Name the 3 factors involved in the change process.

Answer 26

1. The Message 2. The Clientele or End-user 3. The Change Agent

Question 27

Characteristics of a Good Extension Worker

Answer 27

1. Faith in Agriculture 2. Integrity 3. Responsibility 4. Sympathy 5. Courage 6. Resourcefulness 7. Vision 8. Management of Work 9. Cooperation 10. Tolerance 11. Friendliness 12. Tact 13. Power of expression 14. Poise 15. Practical farm or home knowledge 16. Technical Knowledge 17. Breadth of contacts

Question 28

A profession worth of lifetime of service

Answer 28

Faith in Agriculture

Question 29

Honest in thought, word and action; does what he says and will do and can always be depended upon

Answer 29

Integrity

Question 30

Stimulated by responsibility and carries it well, even under difficulties; always on time and reliable

Answer 30

Responsibility

Question 31

interested in problems of others; understands how to help people with difficulties

Answer 31

Sympathy

Question 32

faces squarely the difficulties of the clients and does all he can to solve them.

Answer 32

Courage

Question 33

in emergency, reacts quickly and wisely. has more than one way to solve a problem.

Answer 33

Resourcefulness

Question 34

looking into the future, can transform an idea into reality; is always anxious to try new things and prepared to meet new situations.

Answer 34

Vision

Question 35

getting things done efficiently; devising ways and means to accomplish desired ends.

Answer 35

Management of work

Question 36

seeking from and extending to others' assistance in carrying out plans.

Answer 36

Cooperation

Question 37

broadmindedness, in listening to others; considering their opinions

Answer 37

Tolerance

Question 38

guarding one's actions, avoiding gossips, knowing when to keep still and how to observe social conventions.

Answer 38

Tact

Question 39

extensive vocabulary; conveys ideas clearly and effectively; pleasing voice, modulated, speaks forcefully

Answer 39

Power of expression

Question 40

at ease and self-possessed even on trying situations; gives impression of mastery of the situation

Answer 40

Poise

Question 41

____________ from experience supplemented by technical knowledge obtained through formal education.

Answer 41

Practical farm or home knowledge

Question 42

Knowledgeable of latest development in the field and is able to apply in practical manner.

Answer 42

Technical knowledge

Question 43

Participates in social activities; attends lectures and seminars, participates to some civic, social and religious organizations; reads, and has knowledge in a wide range of subjects.

Answer 43

Breadth of contacts

Question 44

Other qualities of an Extension Worker

Answer 44

1. Original Thought 2. Initiative 3. Leadership 4. Organizational Ability 5. Problem Solving Ability 6. Judgement 7. Self Improvement 8. Reliability 9. Ideal of Service

Question 45

Knowledge and Competencies for Extension Workers

Answer 45

1. Technical Subject Matter 2. Extension Service organization and operation 3. Human development 4. Program Development 5. Educational process 6. Social systems 7. Communication 8. Research and evaluation

Question 46

Linking Roles of Extension Workers

Answer 46

1. Info Carrier 2. Friendly listener 3. Motivator 4. Process Facilitator 5. Agency linker 6. Ability builder of people 7. Skills teacher 8. Work helper 9. Program administrator 10. Group worker 11. Fence keeper 12. Promoter 13. Local leader 14. Counselor 15. Protector 16. Institutions builder

Question 47

It involves five essential and interrelated steps.

Answer 47

Extension educational program

Question 48

It is the collection of facts and analysis of the situation. These may be obtained by appropriate survey and rapport with the people.

Answer 48

First Step - Situation and problems

Question 49

Deciding on realistic objectives which may be accomplished by the community.

Answer 49

Second Step - Objectives and Solution

Question 50

Involves choosing what should be taught and how people should be taught the methods and aids to be used.

Answer 50

Third Step - Teaching Plan of Work

Question 51

Evaluating the teaching, determining the extent to which the objectives have been reached. To evaluate the results of an educational program effectively.

Answer 51

Fourth Step - Evauation

Question 52

It is the reconsideration of the entire extension program on the light of the results evaluation.

Answer 52

Fifth Step - Reconsideration