Unit 3.1: Group structures/processes Flashcards
What is the basic principle of what makes a group
Sharing something
What are the 2 notions of what makes a group
dynamic wholes (lewinian)
social categories (tajfelian)
what is the lewinian traditions view of what makes a group
Dynamic wholes: RELATION makes aggregates form a group
what is the tajfelian traditions view of what makes a group
Social Categories: IDENTIFICATION makes aggregates a group
what is entitativity?
the extent to which a group is PERCEIVED BY OTHERS to be a real entity with unity & coherence
what increases entitativity?
Proximity
similarity
common display
perception of coordinated action
What is a primary vs a secondary group?
Primary: communal bond
Secondary: associative bond
What is a reference group?
A group that embodies the aspirations of an individual. They act as a standard for comparison for thta individual
What is group cohesiveness
Appearing as a group w deep unity in thinking & action.
Deep feelings of belongingness
What is unity dependent on?
Interdependence: How to group contributes to individual goal attainment
Attraction: exerted by the group on its members
What is interdependence? How does it affect a group?
The extent to which a group satisfies individual needs
It increases unity with further increases cohesiveness
(Cooperative interaction = high interdependence)
What is the interpersonal attraction of a group?
The degree to which group members like other members
What is the social attraction of a group?
Degree to which a certain member appreciates their membership into the group
What are the 5 stages of group commitment?
Investigation
Socialization
Maintenance
Resocialization
Rememberance
How does group commitment fluctuate in the 5 stages?
It gradually increases in first 2 stages (investigation, socialisation)
It peaks at maintenance
It gradually decreases in the final 2 stages (resocialisation, rememebrance)
Who proposes the evolution of group commitment model?
Levine & Moreland, 1994)
What is the definition of a role
Relative expectancy
Behavioral patterns expected based on position within group
How is the position of a group member (role) determined in a group?
Based on a certain pattern of relationships to other members
What is a sociogram
A visual representation of a sociometric test (tool evaluating the position of group members)
What is a sociometric test?
a tool to evaluate relative positions of group members
How does a group signal role transitions? What must happen after this?
Usually in a formal way.
The group member is expected to portray different behviours
What is the EVOLUTION OF ROLES according to level of group membership Levine & Moreland?
Prospective members: Recruitment reconnaissance
New Member: Accommodation assimilation
Full member: Role negotiation
Marginal member: accommodation assimiliation
Ex member: tradition reminiscence
what are the 3 factors of role assessment?
Social stratification
Marginal members
Highest status
What is social stratification
the value the group assigns to each roles’ performance
signalled by a link between the role system & status system
