Unit 4

Question 1

Nation

Answer 1

Group of people who have certain things in common

Question 2

Nation-state

Answer 2

A nation of people who fulfill the qualifications for a state

Question 3

Autonomous and Semi-Autonomous Regions

Answer 3

Defined area within a state that has some degree of self-government (higher in autonomous)

Question 4

Stateless Nation

Answer 4

A cultural group that has no independent political entity

Question 5

Antecedent Boundary

Answer 5

Preceded the development of the cultural landscape

Question 6

Subsequent Boundary

Answer 6

Typically created while the cultural landscape is evolving

Question 7

Superimposed Boundary

Answer 7

Drawn by outside powers and may ignore existing cultural patterns

Question 8

Relic Boundary

Answer 8

Boundary that has been abandoned for political reasons but evidence still exists on the landscape

Question 9

Consequent Boundary

Answer 9

Type of subsequent boundary that accounts for current cultural boundaries

Question 10

Nationalism

Answer 10

A nation’s desire to create and maintain a state of their own

Question 11

Imperialism

Answer 11

Broader concept that includes a variety of ways of influencing another country or group of people

Question 12

Colonialism

Answer 12

Particular type of imperialism in which people move into and settle on the land of another country

Question 13

Berlin Conference

Answer 13

Representatives of major empires met and laid out claims on territories in Africa that were used to form state boundaries
Had little regard for ethno-linguistic boundaries

Question 14

Satellite States

Answer 14

Eastern European countries that were liberated from the Nazis and occupied by the Soviets
State dominated by another politically and economically

Question 15

Territoriality

Answer 15

A willingness by a person or a group of people to defend space they claim
Asserting control over a space

Question 16

Neocolonialism

Answer 16

Economic, political, or cultural control was indirectly exerted over developing countries

Question 17

Choke Points

Answer 17

Place of physical congestion between wider regions of movement and interaction
Power and wealth is increasingly derived from controlling strategic maritime areas

Question 18

Defined Boundary

Answer 18

Established by a legal document

Question 19

Delimited Boundary

Answer 19

Drawn on a map by a cartographer to show the limits of a space

Question 20

Demarcated Boundary

Answer 20

Identified by physical objects placed on the landscape

Question 21

Locational boundary dispute

Answer 21

Dispute about where a boundary should be, or how it is delimited or demarcated

Question 22

Irredentism

Answer 22

Type of expansionism when one country seeks to annex territory where it has cultural ties or historical claims

Question 23

Operational Boundary Disupte

Answer 23

Centers on how a boundary functions
Disagreements over trade, transportation, or migration

Question 24

Allocational Boundary Dispute

Answer 24

Dispute over resources along the boundary
Directional drilling can cause this

Question 25

Shatterbelt

Answer 25

A place located between 2 very different and contentious regions under consistent stress and may suffer instability or fragmentation due to external aggression

Question 26

Voting District

Answer 26

Internal boundaries that divide a country's electorate into subnational regions

Question 27

Reapportionment

Answer 27

Changing the number of representatives granted to each state so it reflects the states population

Question 28

Redistricting

Answer 28

State committees redraw boundaries so that each district contains roughly the same number of people

Question 29

Gerrymandering

Answer 29

Drawing of boundaries for political districts by the part yin power to protect or increase its power

Question 30

Federal State

Answer 30

Unites separate political entities into an overarching system Each entity maintiains some degree of sovereignty Different levels of government have different functions and responsibilites

Question 31

Unitary State

Answer 31

Most or all of the governing power is held by the national government All local governments are subject to the authority of the national government

Question 32

Physical Geography (Devolution)

Answer 32

Physical geography of a region can cause isolation and increase the likelihood of devolution

Question 33

Ethnic Separatism

Answer 33

Advocacy of full political separation from the larger group Ethnic groups are often concentrated which can lead to independence movements Central government will often grant more authority via devolution

Question 34

Ethnic Cleansing

Answer 34

A purposeful policy designed by one group to forcibly violently remove the civilian population of another

Question 35

Terrorism

Answer 35

Organized violence aimed at government and civilians to create fear

Question 36

Economics (Devolution)

Answer 36

Control of natural resources can prompt regions of countries to advocate for devolution

Question 37

Social (Devolution)

Answer 37

Social devolution often follows geographic divisions between religions, linguistic, and historical regions

Question 38

Subnationalism

Answer 38

Describes people who have a primary allegiance to a traditional group of ethnicity

Question 39

Balkanization

Answer 39

Sometimes an entire country or region explodes in ethnic conflict like the Balkan Mountains Fragmentation of a state or region into smaller units along ethnicity lines

Question 40

Supranationalism

Answer 40

Sometimes countries sacrifice some sovereignty by joining with others for a shared goal