Unit 4

Question 1

Synthesis/ Combination Reaction

Answer 1

where two substances combine to form a compound

Question 2

Decomposition Reaction

Answer 2

Where a substance comes apart into multiple substances

Question 3

Metathesis Reactions

Answer 3

bonds between two chemical species are exchanged

Question 4

Acid - Base Reaction

Answer 4

where an acid and base react to form their conjugate pairs

Question 5

Oxidation - Reduction Reaction

Answer 5

the exchange of e-, causing different oxidation numbers

Question 6

Combustion Reaction

Answer 6

where a hydrocarbon and O2 form CO2 + H2O + whatever else

Question 7

Precipitation Reaction

Answer 7

ionic aqueous are mixed and two ions combine, solidifying

Question 8

Spector Ion

Answer 8

the ions that do no solidify in an ionic substance

Question 9

Alkali metal cations are….

Answer 9

always soluble

Question 10

Ammonium Cations (NH4+) are…

Answer 10

always soluble

Question 11

Nitrate Anion (NO3)4- are…

Answer 11

always soluble

Question 12

Why do some ionic substances dissolve?

Answer 12

if…
Dipole H2O > Electrostatic Attraction

Question 13

Why do some ionic substances solidify?

Answer 13

If…
Dipole H2O < Electrostatic Attraction

Question 14

Hydroxide

Answer 14

OH-

Question 15

Nitrate

Answer 15

(NO3) -

Question 16

Acetate

Answer 16

(C2H3O2)-

Question 17

Cynaide

Answer 17

(CN)-

Question 18

Permanganate

Answer 18

(MnO4) -

Question 19

Carbonate

Answer 19

(CO3)2-

Question 20

Sulfate

Answer 20

(SO4)2-

Question 21

Dichromate

Answer 21

(Cr2O7) 2-

Question 22

Phosphate

Answer 22

(PO4) 3-

Question 23

Ammonium

Answer 23

(NH4) +

Question 24

Chromate

Answer 24

(CrO4) 2-

Question 25

Peroxide

Answer 25

(O2) 2-

Question 26

Oxalate

Answer 26

(C2O4) 2-

Question 27

Thiosulfate

Answer 27

(S2O3) 2-

Question 28

What is the trick for balancing reactions?

Answer 28

PLUG IN!

Question 29

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 29

Mass is neither created or destroyed

Question 30

In combustion all the carbon from the hydrocarbon...

Answer 30

ends up in CO2

Question 31

In combustion all the hydrogen from the hydrocarbon...

Answer 31

ends up in H2O

Question 32

Gravimetrical Analysis

Answer 32

Determining the unknown substance of a chemical reaction

Question 33

Oxidative State

Answer 33

a HYPOTHETICAL charge assigned to an atom in a chemical compound, representing the number of electrons it would gain or lose if all its bonds were completely ionic

Question 34

non bonded, neutral atoms have a oxidative state of...

Answer 34

0

Question 35

oxidative charge of an ion/polyatomic ion...

Answer 35

ionic charge

Question 36

oxidative state of Oxygen is 2- EXCEPT when..

Answer 36

(H2O2) O = -1

Question 37

oxidative state of H in metal is..

Answer 37

-1

Question 38

oxidative state of H in nonmetal is..

Answer 38

+1

Question 39

If there is no Oxygen is in the compound the most ________, takes the most common charge for oxidative charge.

Answer 39

electronegative

Question 40

For oxidative change, individual charges added together...

Answer 40

is the charge of the atom

Question 41

Redox reactions

Answer 41

The change in oxidative state due to the exchange of e-

Question 42

LEO the lion says GER

Answer 42

explain

Question 43

What do half reactions in redox reactions show?

Answer 43

it shows the loss/gain of e-

Question 44

activity series

Answer 44

a list of elements arranged in decreasing order of their reactivity (redox reaction)

Question 45

the higher the activity series ranking, the...

Answer 45

more likely to engage in redox

Question 46

Oxidating agent

Answer 46

the molecule being reduced

Question 47

Reducing agent

Answer 47

the molecule being oxidized

Question 48

Redox titrations

Answer 48

slowly adding solution with known concentrations to an unknown solution to determine concentration of that unknown solution

Question 49

Bronsted Acid

Answer 49

capable of donating a proton/H+

Question 50

Bronsted Base

Answer 50

Capable of accepting a proton/H+

Question 51

Why is H+ a proton?

Answer 51

because a proton is an e- + proton. take away the e- and you have a proton

Question 52

conjugated pair

Answer 52

the acid version and base version of a molecule

Question 53

Amphoretic

Answer 53

can be either base or acid ex: H2O - OH- and H3O+

Question 54

Types of Redox reactions

Answer 54

1. Combination 2. Decomposition 3. Combustion

Question 55

what is the oxidation number for F in all compounds?

Answer 55

-1

Question 56

How do we determine if a reaction is redox?

Answer 56

We assign oxidation numbers

Question 57

end point

Answer 57

the point in a titration where all the substances have been reacted to make products

Question 58

Molecular Equation

Answer 58

the full, balanced equation

Question 59

Complete Ionic Equation

Answer 59

Shows the DISSOLVED IONS

Question 60

Net ionic

Answer 60

reaction which does not show the spectator ions (!) also includes the charge

Question 61

theoretical yield

Answer 61

the amount that SHOULD be made up with the limiting agent

Question 62

Percent yield

Answer 62

[(actual yield)/(theoretical yield)] x 100%

Question 63

How do I balance normal redox reactions?

Answer 63

1. write the half reactions 2. Match the e- 3. Add together 4. simplify by getting rid of spectators

Question 64

Oxidation half, where are e-?

Answer 64

products LOSING e-

Question 65

Reduction half, where are e-?

Answer 65

reactants GAINING e-