Unit 4 Activity 15

Question 1

Describe somatic and visceral sensory division

Answer 1

Somatic: receives information about the external environment and body position (pain, pressure, temperature, stretch)
Visceral: Receives information about stretch, chemical change, pressure within the internal body

Question 2

Describe Somatic and visceral motor divisions

Answer 2

Somatic: motor (efferent) neurons that synapse on skeletal muscle, voluntary control
Visceral: motor(efferent) neurons that synapse on various effectors, glands, adipose and cardiac and sooth muscle
- also known as autonomic nervous system

Question 3

Describe the symptahetic vs parasympathetic autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

Sympathetic: fight or flight
- neurons from sympathetic nervous system travel out the spinal cord between T-1 and T-2 level, they then synapse with the paired sympathetic chain ganglia

Parasympathetic:
- carries instructions form central nervous system to visceral organs
- rest and digest response
- AKA craniosacral divsion
neurons travel out spinal cord at cranial nerves CN3, CN7, CN9, CN10 or sacral nerves S2-S4

Question 4

Explain what happens to the eyes, salivary glands, heart, lungs, stomach, pancreas, liver gall bladde, bladder and genitals within the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 4

eyes: constrict
Salivary glands: active
Heart: Decreased HR
Lungs: relaxed
Stomach: increased digestive enzymes
Pancreas: increased function
gall bladder: increased function
bladder: relaxed
genitals: relaxed

Question 5

Explain what happens to the eyes, salivary glands, heart, lungs, stomach, pancreas, liver gall bladde, bladder and genitals within the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 5

eyes: dilate
salivary glands: less active
Lungs: increased respiration
heart: increased HR
Stomach: inhibited digestion
pancreas: inhibited digestion
live, gall bladder: inhibited digestion
adrenal gland:
bladder: can accidentally release
genitals: more active

Question 6

What are the three meninges or protective layers (superficial to deep)and what do they do

Answer 6

• dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
• protect brain and spinal cord
• supply structural support, supply blood vessels for nutrient and oxygen needs, helps circulate CSF

Question 7

what is the subarachnoid space filled with

Answer 7

cerebral spinal fluid

Question 8

what do arachnoid villi do

Answer 8

recirculate cerebral spinal fluid back into bloodstream

Question 9

what are denticulate ligaments

Answer 9

lateral extensions of combined pia mater and arachnoid mater that attach to the dura mater

Question 10

what are the five developmental regions

Answer 10

telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, myelencephalon

Question 11

describe what developmental regions develop what parts of the brain

Answer 11

Forebrain: telencephalon, diencephalon
midbrain: mesencephalon
hindbrain: metencephalon, myelencephalon

Question 12

what are the primary brain vesicles of regions of development

Answer 12

1. prosencephalon (forebrain)
2. mesencephalon (midbrain)
3. rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

Question 13

structures associated with the telencephalon and they do

Answer 13

cerebrum- conscious thought, memory and learning

Question 14

structures associated with the diencephalon

Answer 14

• thalamus( functions as sensory “relay station”)
• hypothalamus(main control center for autonomic nervous system and endocrine system - center for emotions - sleep wake cycle)

Question 15

Structures associated with the mesencephalon and what they do

Answer 15

1. Cerebral peduncles
2. Corpora quadrigemina(visual and auditory reflexes)

Question 16

Structures associated with the metencephalon and what they do

Answer 16

1. cerebellum (smooths and coordiantes body - maintains posture and equilibrium)
2. pons (links cerebellum with the spinal cord and brain)

Question 17

structures associated with the myelencephalon and what they do

Answer 17

medulla oblongata (control center for autonomic functions, bp, hr, vomitting and swallowing)