Unit 4 - Cells Vocab

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

The basic unit of life

Question 2

Unicellular

Answer 2

Made of only one cell

Question 3

Multicellular

Answer 3

Made of many cells

Question 4

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 4

Simple organisms without a nucleus

Question 5

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 5

Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Question 6

Membrane bound

Answer 6

Organelle is surrounded by/contained in a membrane

Question 7

Autotroph

Answer 7

An organism that has the ability to make its own food

Question 8

Heterotroph

Answer 8

An organism that must obtain its food from another source

Question 9

Total magnification

Answer 9

The total calculation of zoom on a microscope (ocular x objective)

Question 10

Ocular lens

Answer 10

The eyepiece on a microscope, has a power of 10x magnification

Question 11

Objective Lens

Answer 11

The rotating power objective lens on a microscope (4x, 10x, 40x)

Question 12

Organelle

Answer 12

A tiny part of a cell that carries out a specific function

Question 13

Ribosomes

Answer 13

An organelle that synthesizes proteins

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

Jelly-like substance that fills the cell and protects the organelles; site of cellular respiration

Question 15

Cell membrane

Answer 15

Boundary that surrounds all cells and determines what enters and exits

Question 16

DNA/RNA

Answer 16

Nucleic acids that contain directions for making proteins and are found in the nucleus

Question 17

Nucleus

Answer 17

Helps control cell activities and is known as the brain

Question 18

Mitochondria

Answer 18

Produces energy for cells, site of cellular respiration

Question 19

Vacuole

Answer 19

Membrane-bound sac that stores food, water, and waste (larger in plant cells)

Question 20

Lysosome

Answer 20

Enzyme containing organelle that breaks down old cell parts

Question 21

Centrioles

Answer 21

An organelle found in animal cells that contains spindle fibers for cellular reproduction

Question 22

Cell Wall

Answer 22

Rigid structure made of cellulose used to support and protect plants and prokaryotic cells

Question 23

Chloroplast

Answer 23

Produces food for plant cells; the site of photosynthesis

Question 24

Cellulose

Answer 24

A polysaccharide that plants use to build cell walls for support

Question 25

Specialization

Answer 25

Once a cell has a structure it can use to carry out a specific function/job

Question 26

Differentiation

Answer 26

Genes are turned on and off to give a cell a unique structure

Question 27

Activation

Answer 27

Genes in a cell are turned on and off to allow for unique structure and functions

Question 28

Stem cell

Answer 28

An undifferentiated and unspecialized cell that can turn into any type of cell

Question 29

Structure

Answer 29

The shape

Question 30

Function

Answer 30

The job

Question 31

Cell signaling

Answer 31

Allows cells to respond to their environment and communicate with other cells based on chemical and protein signals