Unit 4: Chemical Reactions Flashcards
(20 cards)
Gravimetric analysis
is used to determine an unknown element in a precipitate reaction.
Hydrocarbon combustion
: carbon + hydrogen (and sometimes oxygen) is ignited and produces CO2 and water, sometimes other compounds as well depending on the elements present.
Synthesis reaction
: when elements or simple compounds are combined to form a single, more complex compound.
redox reactions
In , electrons are swapped between reactants and the oxidation states of the reactants are changed.
Decomposition
: opposite of synthesis- occurs usually in the presence of heat.
electronegative element
When oxygen is not present, the most has a state equal to it’s most common charge.
Oxidation reduction
(redox): results in change of oxidation state (only for some)
Precipitation
: two aqueous solutions mixing to create a solid precipitate.
Acid base
: when an acid (H+) reacts with a base (OH)- to form water and a salt.
Synthesis reaction
when elements or simple compounds are combined to form a single, more complex compound
Compounds with ___, ___, and ___ are always soluble.
alkali metals, ammonium, nitrate
zero
Any neutral atom not bonded has an oxidation state of ____.
most common charge
a single atom has an oxidation state equal to _
total charge
the oxidation state of a compound is equal to the ____
acid
a compound capable of donating a proton (such as H+)
base
a compound capable of accepting a proton
amphoteric
a compound that is capable of behaving as both an acid and a base (such as water)
H3O3
oxygen typically has a oxidation state of -2, except in _ where it has a oxidation state of -1
when hydrogen is bonded to a nonmetal, it has an oxidation state of ___
1
when hydrogen is bonded to a metal, it has an oxidation state of ___
-1
