Unit 4 Definitions Flashcards
Sprain
(joint capasule, ligament, tendon)
severe stress, stretch or tear to soft tissue
Strain
(muscle, muscle tendon junction)
over stretching, overuse, or over extertion of soft tissue
Compartment syndromes
elevation of tissue pressure within a closed fascial compartment, causing a decreased arteriovenous pressure and decreased muscular perfusion (i.e. acute from edema or chronic from muscle hypertrophy)
Bursitis
inflammation of bursci
Tendonitis
Tendon inflammation
Tenosynovitis
inflammation of the tendon sheath
Contusion
bruise
hematoma
swelling is hard
swelling comprised of a collection of blood confined to organ, tissue, or space
Contracture
(muscle and soft tissue, fibrosis of connective tissue)
shorten and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue often leading to deformity and rigidity of joint
Plantar Fasciitis
heel inflammation of plantar fascia
Trocanteric bursitis
inflammation of the trochanteric bursa
Olecranon nursitis
inflammation of the olecranon bursa (elbow)
pain, redness and swelling around olecranon
Myopathy
any congenital or acquired muscle disease, marked clinically by focal or diffuse muscular weakness
Thoracic outlet syndrome
compression of nerves and or vessels in the neck, such as by the first rib pressing against the clavicle or entrapment of brachial nerves and vessesl btw the pectoralis minor muscle and the rib
Achilles tendonitis
inflammation of achilles tendon
compartment syndromes
elevation of tissue pressure w/in a closed fascial compartment
trocanteric bursitis
inflammation of bursa @ outer greater trochantra
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
choronic tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis muscles
(e.g. texting, gaming)
Dupuytren’s contracture
contracture of palmar fascia usually causing the ring and little fingers to bend into the palm so that they cannot by extended
Complex regional pain syndrome
an abnormal response of the nerves of the face or an extremity, marked by pain, autonomic dysfunction, vascomotor instability, and tissues swelling - often follows trauma (e.g. injury to nerve or stroke)
(e.g. start w/ the hand –> whole arm)
Iliotibial band syndrome
an inflammatory overuse syndrome caused by mechanical friction btw the iliotibial band and the lateral femoral condyle
repetitive flexion and extension of the knee
results in knee pain (lateral)
(common in runners and cyclists)
Repetitive stress injury
a group of conditions that are caused when too much stress is placed on a joint (e.g. bursitis, tendonitis)
