Unit 4 Lower Extremity Flashcards
1
Q
Glut max origin
A
Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament
2
Q
Glut max insertion
A
Most fibers end in iliotibial tract (lateral condyle of tibia); some insert on gluteal tuberosity
3
Q
Glut max innervation
A
Inferior gluteal L5, S1, S2
4
Q
Glut max action
A
Extends thigh (from flexed position) and laterally rotates; steadies thigh , assists in rising from sitting position
5
Q
Glut med origin
A
External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line
6
Q
Glut med insertion
A
Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
7
Q
Glut med innervation
A
Superior gluteal nerve L5, S1
8
Q
Glut med action
A
Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis level when same side limb is weight bearing and advance unsupported side in swing phase
9
Q
Glut min origin
A
External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
10
Q
Glut min insertion
A
Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
11
Q
Glut min innervation
A
Superior gluteal nerve L5, S1
12
Q
Glut min action
A
Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis when same side limb is weight bearing and advance unsupported side in swing phase
13
Q
Tensor fascia latae origin
A
ASIS; anterior part of iliac crest
14
Q
TFL insertion
A
Iliotibial tract (lateral condyle of tibia)
15
Q
TFL innervation
A
Superior gluteal nerve L5, S1
16
Q
TFL action
A
Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis level when same side limb is weight bearing and advances unsupported side in swing phase
17
Q
Piriformis origin
A
Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament
18
Q
Piriformis insertion
A
Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
19
Q
Piriformis innervation
A
Branches of anterior rami S1, S2
20
Q
Piriformis action
A
Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum
21
Q
Obturator internus origin
A
Pelvis surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
22
Q
Obturator internus insertion
A
Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
23
Q
Obturator internus innervation
A
Nerve to obturator internus L5, S1
24
Q
Obturator internus action
A
Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum
25
Superior and inferior gemelli origin
Superior: ischial spine
Inferior: ischial tuberosity
26
Superior and inferior gemelli insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
27
Superior gemelli innervation
Nerve to obturator internus L5, S1
28
Inferior gemelli innervation
Nerve to quadratus femoris L5, S1
29
Superior and inferior gemelli action
Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum
30
Quadratus femoris origin
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
31
Quadratus femoris insertion
Quadratus tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
32
Quadratus femoris origin
lateral surface of ishcial tuberosity
33
quadratus femoris insertion
quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur, and area inferior to it
34
quadratus femoris innervation
nerve to quadratus femoris L5 S1
35
quadratus femoris action
laterally rotates thigh, steadies FA in acetabulum
36
biceps femoris origin: LONG HEAD
ischial tuberosity
37
biceps femoris origin: SHORT HEAD
linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
38
biceps femoris insertion
lateral side of head of fibula; tendon spilt here by LCL
39
biceps femoris innervation LONG HEAD
tibial division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2
40
biceps femoris innervation SHORT HEAD
common peroneal division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2
41
biceps femoris action
flexes leg and laterally rotates it when knee is flexed; extends thigh (accelerating mass during first step of gait)
42
semitendinosus origin
ischial tuberosity
43
semitendinosus insertion
pes anserine (medial surface of superior part of tibia)
44
semitendinosus innervation
tibial division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2
45
semitendinosus action
extends thigh; flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed. When thigh and leg are flexed, these muscles can extend the trunk
46
semimembranosus origin
ishchial tuberosity
47
semimembranosus insertion
posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament
48
semimembranosus innervation
tibial division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2
49
semimembranosus action
extends thigh; flexes leg and rotates it medially when knee is flexed
50
adductor magnus origin
ADD part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
| HAM part: ischial tuberosity
51
adductor magnus insertion ADD part
gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar line
52
adductor magnus insertion HAM part
adductor tubercle of femur
53
adductor magnus innervation ADD part
obturator nerve L2 L3 L4 branches of posterior division
54
adductor magnus innervation HAM part
tibial part of sciatic nerve L4
55
adductor magnus action
adducts thigh
ADD: flexes thigh
HAM: extends thigh
56
adductor longus origin
body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
57
adductor longus insertion
middle third of linea aspera femur
58
adductor longus innervation
obturator nerve branch of anterior division L2 L3 L4
59
adductor longus action
adducts thigh
60
adductor brevis origin
body and inferior ramus of pubis
61
adductor brevis insertion
pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
62
adductor brevis innervation
obturator nerve L2 L3
63
adductor brevis action
adducts thigh; some extent flexes
64
gracilis orign
body and inferior ramus of pubis
65
gracilis insertion
pes anserine (superior part of medial surface of tibia)
66
gracilis innervation
obturator nerve L2 L3
67
gracilis action
adducts thigh; flexes leg; helps rotate leg medially
68
obturator externus origin
margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
69
obturator externus insertion
trochanteric fossa of femur
70
obturator externus innervation
obturator nerve L3 L4
71
obturator externus action
laterally rotates thigh; steadies FA in acetabulum
72
psoas major origin
sides of T12- L5 vertebrae and discs between; transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
73
psoas major insertion
lesser trochanter of femur
74
psoas major innervation
anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1 L2 L3
75
psoas major action
act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint
76
psoas minor origin
sides of T12- L1 vertebrae and IVD
77
psoas minor insertion
***pectineal line, pectineal eminence via iliopectineal arch
78
psoas minor innervation
anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1 L2
79
psoas minor action
act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip and in stabilizing this joint
80
iliacus origin
iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments
81
iliacus insertion
tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter and femur distal to it
82
iliacus innervation
femoral nerve L2 L3
83
iliacus action
acts conjointly in flexing thigh at hip and stabilizing this joint
84
sartorius origin
ASIS and superior part of notch inferior to it
85
sartorius insertion
superior of medial surface of tibia (pes anserine)
86
sartorius innervation
femoral nerve L2 L3
87
sartorius action
flexes abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint; flexes leg at knee joint (medially rotating leg when knee is flexed)
88
pectineus orign
superior ramus of pubis
89
pectineus insertion
pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter
90
pectineus innervation
femoral nerve L2 L3 (may receive branch of obturator nerve)
91
pectineus action
adducts and flexes thigh; assists with medial rotation of thigh
92
rectus femoris origin
AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum
93
rectus femoris insertion
Quad tendon and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
94
rectus femoris innervation
femoral nerve L2 L3 L4
95
rectus femoris action
extends leg at knee joint; steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh
96
vastus lateralis origin
greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
97
vastus lateralis insertion
quad tendon and independent attachment to base of patella; indirectly to patellar lig. to tibial tuberosity;
tibia and patella via aponeurosis
98
vastus lateralis innervation
femoral nerve L2 L3 L4
99
vastus lateralis action
extends the leg at knee joint; helps ilipsoas flex thigh and steadies hip joint
100
vatsus medialis origin
intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur
101
vastus medialis insertion
quad tendon and independent attachment to base of patella; indirectly to patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity;
tibia and patella via aponeurosis
102
vastus medialis innervation
femoral nerve L2 L3 L4
103
vastus medialis action
extends leg at knee joint; steadies hip and helps iliopsoas flex thigh
104
vastus intermedius origin
anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
105
vastus intermedius insertion
quad tendon and independent attachments to the base of the patella; indirectly to patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity; tibia and patella via aponeurosis
106
vastus intermedius innervation
femoral n L2 L3 L4
107
vastus intermedius action
extends leg at knee joint, stabilizes hip joint and help iliopsoas flex thigh
108
articularis genu origin
supero-inferiorlu attaches to the anterior aspect of femur
109
articularis genu insertion
inferior to synovial membrane of knee joint and suprapatellar bursa
110
articularis genu innervation
femoral nerve L2 L3 L4
111
articularis genu action
pulls the synovial membrane superiorly during extension of the leg
112
tibialis anterior origin
lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
113
tibialis anterior insertion
medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
114
tibialis anterior innervation
deep fibular nerve L4 L5
115
tibialis anterior action
dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot
116
extensor hallucis longus origin
middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
117
EHL insertion
dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe
118
EHL innervation
deep fibular nerve L4 L5
119
EHL action
extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle
120
extensor digitorum longus origin
lateral condyle of tibia and superior 3/4 of medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
121
EDL insertion
middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
122
EDL innervation
deep fibular nerve L4 L5
123
EDL action
extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexes ankle
124
Peroneus tertius* origin
inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
125
Peroneus tertius insertion
dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
126
Peroneus tertius innervation
deep fibular nerve L4 L5
127
Peroneus tertius action
dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of the foot; perception
128
peroneus longus origin
head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
129
peroneus longus insertion
base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
130
peroneus longus innervation
superficial fibular nerve L5 S1 S2
131
peroneus longus action
everts foot and weakly PF's; perception
132
peroneus brevis origin
inferior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula
133
peroneus brevis insertion
dorsal surface of tuberosity of 5th metatarsal (lateral side of base)
134
peroneus brevis innervation
superficial fibular nerve L5 S1 S2
135
peroneus brevis action
everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle; percpetion
136
gastrocnemius origin
Lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle on femur
| Medial head: popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle
137
gastroc insertion
posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
138
gastroc nerve
tibial nerve S1 S2
139
gastroc action
plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking; flexes leg at knee joint
140
soleus origin
posterior aspect of head and superior 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula; soleal line and middle third of medial border of tibia; and tendinous arch extending between the boney attachments
141
soleus insertion
posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
142
soleus innervation
deep fibular nerve S1 S2
143
soleus action
plantarflexes ankle independent of position of knee; steadies leg on foot
144
plantaris origin
inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament
145
plantaris insertion
posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
146
plantaris nerve
tibial S1 S2
147
plantaris action
weakly assists gastroc in PF
148
popliteus origin
lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
149
popliteus insertion
posterior surface of tibia; superior to soleal line
150
popliteus innervation
tibial nerve L4 L5 S1
151
popliteus action
weaklu flexes knee and unlocks it by rotating femur 5 degrees on fixed tibia; medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb
152
flexor hallucis longus origin
inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of IO
153
FHL insertion
base of distal phalanx of great toe
154
FHL innervation
tibial nerve S2 S3
155
FHL action
flexes great toe at all joints; weak PF of ankle; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
156
flexor digitorum longus origin
medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by broad tendon to fibula
157
FDL insertion
base of distal phalanges of lateral four digits
158
FDL innervation
tibial nerve S2 S3
159
FDL action
flexes lateral four digits; PF ankle; supports longitudinal arch of foot
160
tibialis posterior origin
IO; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior surface of fibula
161
tibialis posterior insertion
tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and sustentaculum tali of calcaneus; bases of 2nd 3rd and 4th metatarsals
162
tibialis posterior innervation
tibial nerve L4 L5
163
tibialis posterior action
plantarflexes ankle; inverts foot
