Unit 4: Notes 5

Question 1

muscles are named according to several factors such as …?

Answer 1

1. direction of fibers
2. size of muscle
3. location of muscle
4. number of origins
5. location of origin and insertions
6. shape
7. action

Question 2

what are the direction of fibers ?

Answer 2

1. rectus
2. transversus
3. oblique

Question 3

what is rectus?

Answer 3

(straight)

parallel to midline

Question 4

what is transversus?

Answer 4

(transverse)

perpendicular to midline

Question 5

what is oblique

Answer 5

diagonal

Question 6

Maximus

Answer 6

largest in group

Question 7

Minimus

Answer 7

smallest in group

Question 8

medius

Answer 8

medium

Question 9

longus

Answer 9

longest in group

Question 10

brevis

Answer 10

shortest in group

Question 11

latissimus

Answer 11

widest in group

Question 12

Magnus/Major

Answer 12

largest in group

Question 13

minor

Answer 13

smallest in group

Question 14

Vastus

Answer 14

large

Question 15

name some muscles named by location

Answer 15

1. temporalis
2. frontalis
3. lateralis
4. medialis
5. intermedius
6. tibialis (anterior)
7. fibularis (langus)
8. supra (above)
9. infra (below)
10. sub (underneath)
11. occipitalis (above occipital)

Question 16

what is an origin

Answer 16

The point of attachment to the stationary bone

Question 17

what is an insertion

Answer 17

Point of attachment on the moving bone

Question 18

what are the origins on the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 18

sternum and clavicle

Question 19

what is the insertion on the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 19

mastoid

Question 20

serratus

Answer 20

saw-toothed

Question 21

orbicularis

Answer 21

Circular

Question 22

platys

Answer 22

flat

Question 23

quadradus

Answer 23

square shaped

Question 24

gracilis

Answer 24

slender

Question 25

flexor

Answer 25

decreases joint angle

Question 26

extensor

Answer 26

increases joint angle

Question 27

adductor

Answer 27

moves bone towards midline of the body

Question 28

abductor

Answer 28

moves bone away midline of body

Question 29

supinator

Answer 29

turns palm up

Question 30

pronator

Answer 30

turns palm down

Question 31

rotator

Answer 31

moves bone around axis

Question 32

levator

Answer 32

produces superior movement

Question 33

depressor

Answer 33

produces inferior movement

Question 34

frontalis

Answer 34

• covers frontal bone

- allows you to raise your eyebrows and wrinkle your forehead

Question 35

orbicularis oculi

Answer 35

• Circular muscles around eye

- allows you to close your eyes, squint, blink, and wink

Question 36

orbicularis oris

Answer 36

• Circular muscles that surround the mouth

- allow you to close the mouth and protrude the lips; often called the kissing muscle

Question 37

buccinator

Answer 37

• runs horizontally across the cheek and inserts into the orbicularis Oris
• allows you to flatten cheek (whistling)
• compress cheeks (hold food)

Question 38

Zygomaticus

Answer 38

• extends from corner of mouth to cheek bone

- allows you to smile

Question 39

what are the parts to the chewing muscles

Answer 39

buccinator masseter temporalis

Question 40

what is the masseter

Answer 40

main chewing muscle and used to close jaw by elevating mandible

Question 41

what is the temporalis

Answer 41

helps masseter close jaw

Question 42

what are the two neck muscles

Answer 42

platysma and sternocleidomastoid

Question 43

what is the platysma

Answer 43

• Single sheet like muscle that covers the front and side of the neck
• frown

Question 44

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 44

paired muscles found on both sides of the neck

• helps you flex neck/bow head
• “praying muscles”