Unit 4 Plasma Membrane Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is selectively permeable mean?
The ability to select what can come in and what can’t
What is homeostasis?
The process of maintaining a cell’s environment
What are the 4 components to the plasma membrane?
The phospholipid bilayer, proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol
What are the two parts to a phospholipid?
A polar head (dissolves in water) and a non polar tail (does not dissolve)
What does hydrophobic mean?
Hates water, the phospholipid tails
What does hydrophilic mean?
Likes water, phospholipid heads
What is the job of proteins in the membrane?
To regulate what goes in and out of the cell
What is the job of carbohydrates in the membrane?
Help identify chemical signals, found on the outer surface of the cell
What is the job of cholesterol in the membrane?
To prevent the phospholipids from sticking together. Found in between the phospholipids
What is passive transport?
A transport that does not require energy
What is active transport?
A transport that does require energy
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, they spread out
What is equilibrium?
When particles continue to move randomly, but no further change in concentration will occur.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a membrane. This is a type of passive transport, channel proteins allow water in
What is hypertonic? What happens to RBCs in hypertonic?
Extra salty water, and cells shrivel
What is hypotonic? What happens to RBCs in hypotonic?
Pure water, cells are perfectly fine
What is isotonic? What happens to red blood cells in isotonic?
Same salt as RBC, the cells will swell and eventually burst
How do dissolved materials get inside the cell?
By active and passive transport
What is facilitated diffusion?
Dissolved materials get into the cell through a channel protein, passive transport
What is endocytosis?
When a cell uses active transport to wrap itself around a particle from the environment to bring it inside. (Active transport)
What is exocytosis?
When a cell lets out a particle into the environment (active transport)
when is energy needed in transporting?
When particles are being moved again the concentration gradient
What type of protein needs energy to transport? Carrier or channel
Carrier
