Unit 6 Central Dogma Flashcards
What does one nucleotide have?
A carbon sugar(deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogen bases (ATCG)
If all cells have the same DNA, why are cells different?
Because one cell cannot make everything in the DNA
What are the two strands in a double helix?
Two strands of nucleotides
What is the double helix held together by?
Hydrogen bonds
Why can DNA act as it’s own template for replicating itself?
Base pairing rule
What is the first step to DNA replication?
An enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases (ATCG)
What is the second step in DNA replication?
DNA molecule begins unzipping
What is the third step in DNA replication?
A second enzyme bonds to both original strands, forming 2 new strands of DNA
Why is DNA replication called semi conservative replication?
Because each strand has one original parental strand and one daughter strand
What is the fourth step in DNA replication?
A third enzyme bonds the new nucleotides into 2 chains twisted into the double helix structure
What is different about RNA from DNA?
RNA is single stranded, RNA’s sugar is ribose, and RNA has uracil
What are the 3 types of RNA?
Messenger, transfer, & ribosomal
What does messenger RNA do?
Copies DNA code and takes it to the ribosome
What does tRNA do?
Brings amino acids to the ribosome
What does rRNA do?
Puts all the amino acids together
