Unit 4 - Transoceanic Interconnections

Question 1

Navigational benefits of Lateen Sails:

Answer 1

You could sail in any direction, no matter the direction of the wind

Question 2

Navigational benefits of Caravels:

Answer 2

• You can sail long voyages at great speeds
• Small = Maneuverable

Question 3

Navigational benefits of the Compass:

Answer 3

You can orient yourself without relying on the stars

Question 4

Beyond new tech. to control the wind, navigators also used knowledge of [blank] to sail across great distances.

Answer 4

wind/sea currents

Question 5

Opened a school to teach Islamic/Classical navigational techniques to Portuguese navigators

Answer 5

Henery the Navigator

Question 6

Crossed the Atlantic Ocean in searchof the East Indies in 1492, inadvertently finding the Americas

Answer 6

Christopher Columbus

Question 7

Rounded the Cape of Good Hope to become the first European to reach India by sea

Answer 7

Vasco Da Gama

Question 8

An economic benefit of establishing a trading-post empire:

Answer 8

Opened more oppurtunity for trade

Question 9

Where did Spain expand?

In 1450-1750
2 Answers

Answer 9

• Latin America
• Southeast Asia

Question 10

Where did Portugal expand?

In 1450-1750
6 answers

Answer 10

• Latin America
• West Africa
• Southren Africa
• South Asia
• Southeast Asia
• East Asia

Question 11

Where did France expand?

In 1450-1750
2 answers

Answer 11

• Latin America
• South Asia

Question 12

Where did the Netherlands expand?

In 1450-1750
6 answers

Answer 12

• Latin America
• West Africa
• Southren Africa
• South Asia
• Southeast Asia
• East Asia

Question 13

Where did the British expand?

In 1450-1750
2 answers

Answer 13

• Latin America
• Southren Africa

Question 14

What impact did dieses caused by the Columbian Exchange have on the Westren Hemisphere?

Answer 14

Greatly decreased the Native American population

Killed 90%

Question 15

What impact did the Columbian Exchange have on the economy of Europe?

Answer 15

Allowed European empires to grow their economy significantly

Question 16

What impact did the Columbian Exchange have on the environment?

Answer 16

Caused a lot of deforestation and soil erosion

Question 17

Identify the orgin of the items listed below

• Sugar
• Okra
• Corn
• Smallpox
• Malaria
• Potato

(From the Westren or Eastren hemishpere)

Answer 17

• Sugar - Eastern
• Okra - Eastren
• Corn - Westren
• Smallpox - Eastren
• Malaria - Eastren
• Potato - Westren

Question 18

How did the enslavement of people acclerate the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 18

Plantations became more profitable and prominate

Enslaved people were used to work these plantations

Question 19

Two ways populations in Afro-Eurasia benefited from the new crops from the Westren Hemishpere:

During the Columbian Exchange

Answer 19

• Cash crops allowed them to expand their economy
• They had a more diverse food source (= more calories)

Question 20

How did Prince Henry the Navigator advance European understanding of maritime tech.?

Answer 20

He mapped the coast of Africa and established a school of navigation in Portugal.

Question 21

The first European voyager to successfully establish an empire was…

Answer 21

…Christopher Columbus.

Question 22

How did the Aztecs respond to the arrival of Europeans?

Answer 22

They were unwelcoming

Question 23

How did the Incas respond to the arrival of Europeans?

Answer 23

They had little resistance.

Question 24

How did the Mughals respond to the arrival of Europeans?

Answer 24

They wanted to trade.

Question 25

What were the Dutch, British, and French attempting to find when they sailed west? | In 1450-1750

Answer 25

The Northwest Passage ## Footnote These trips were unsuccesfull

Question 26

Viceroyalties | And who used them?

Answer 26

Spain and Portugal; The king would appoint a viceroy who would rule for him in the westren hemisphere. | A political system used in the Americas to establish control. ## Footnote Viceroy - held the same power as the king, but still had to report back to him

Question 27

Spainards would convert Native Americans to [blank] and teach them the [blank] language.

Answer 27

Catholic Christian; Spanish

Question 28

Vodun | A relgion

Answer 28

* A mix of Catholicism and West African belifs * Became a major belif system amoungst free and enslaved Africans

Question 29

Our Lady of Guadalupe

Answer 29

* A marian apparition * Played a major role in converting Native Americans to Catholicism ## Footnote Apparition - a ghostly or spectral form of a ghost or animal that appears and disappears quickly

Question 30

Why were the number of men in Africa decreasing? | In 1450-1750

Answer 30

The Transatlantic Slave Trade

Question 31

# Identify two effects of The Spanish Potosi Siliver Mine

Answer 31

* Brought immense wealth to Spain * Intesification of the Acapulo-Manilla trade route * Increased in coreced labor in the mines * Price Revolution - Spanish economy crashed

Question 32

# Which empire controled Brazil, Angola, and Mozambique | In 1450-1750

Answer 32

Portugal

Question 33

# Which empire controled Indonesia and Nagaski, Japan | In 1450-1750

Answer 33

The Netherlands

Question 34

# Which empire controled Eastern North America and South America | In 1450-1750

Answer 34

The British

Question 35

# Which empire controled Westren Latin America and the Philippines | In 1450-1750

Answer 35

Spain

Question 36

What policy did Tokugawa Japan enact in response to the arrival of the West? | In 1450-1759

Answer 36

* Restricted trade * Proclaimed sakoku | Sakoku = Locked country ## Footnote Trade limited to Dejima in Nagaski, then only to China, Korea, and the Netherlands

Question 37

What policy did Ming China enact in response to the Arrival of the West? | In 1450-1750

Answer 37

limited trade to a few places

Question 38

Maroon Societies

Answer 38

Societies of escaped enslaved people; mostly found in/around the Caribean sea or Brazil

Question 39

What were the Cossack Revolts?

Answer 39

As the Russian Empire expanded under Romanous, many Cossacks clashed with the Tsars over land, autonomy, and Serfdom. Leading to the Cossack Revolts

Question 40

What was the effect of the Cossack Revolts?

Answer 40

* The Pugachev Rebellion in the late 1700s * Ended with the Cossacks maintaing some level of autonomy

Question 41

Who was the Queen Nanny of the Maroons?

Answer 41

* Nanny and her brothers formed a maroon society in the mountains of Jamica * They helped enslaved people escape

Question 42

What did the Queen Nanny of the Maroons' efforts cause/result in?

Answer 42

* Established her own territory (Nannytown) * Maroons would go to sign peace treaties with the British/French

Question 43

Who was Ana Nzinga of Nodongo and Matambo?

Answer 43

Ana Nzinga negotiated and fought with the Portugues over their efforts at buying/selling enslaved people

Question 44

What did Ana Nzinga's efforts cause/result in?

Answer 44

* Was able to call a truce * Negotiated a peace treaty * Insured independence for her kingdom from the Portuguese

Question 45

Who were the Marthas?

Answer 45

A collection of Hindu people who joined together to combat the growing spread of the Islamic Mughal Empire in India.

Question 46

What did the Marthas' efforts cause/result in?

Answer 46

They successfully fought back and defeated the Mughal Empire.

Question 47

Casta System

Answer 47

* A race based hierchal system. * Used by the Spanish * Limited people's rights * Expelled Muslims and Jews

Question 48

Chattel Slavery

Answer 48

* People were seen as property * Race-Based * Generational

Question 49

Mit'a System

Answer 49

* Inca Labor System * State required men to work on govern. projects

Question 50

Two benefits of establishing a Joint Stock Company:

Answer 50

* Limits the amount of risk to investors * A collection of buisnesses were granted monopoly (= no competion)

Question 51

An economic benefit the expansion of trade networks offered African states:

Answer 51

Trading gave them access to gunpowder - influence and power grew