Unit 4.2 Plant tissues, organs and organ systems Flashcards Preview

SHHS - Science - AQA Biology Trilogy > Unit 4.2 Plant tissues, organs and organ systems > Flashcards

Flashcards in Unit 4.2 Plant tissues, organs and organ systems Deck (41)
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1
Q

Epidermal tissue function is

A

covers the plant

2
Q

Palisade mesophyll tissue function is

A

trap sunlight for photosynthesis - packed full with chloroplasts

3
Q

Spongy mesophyll tissue function is

A

contains lots of air spaces to allow gases to diffuse in and out of cells

4
Q

Xylem function

A

to transport water from the roots up and down the plant

5
Q

Phloem function

A

to transport glucose from the leaves up and down the plant

6
Q

Translocation…

A

Is the mass movement of sugars up and down the plant

7
Q

Meristem tissue function

A

found at the growing tips (shoots and roots) and can differentiate into lots of different types of plant cells

8
Q

Upper epidermis tissue function is

A

transparent so that light can pass through

9
Q

Stomata function is

A

composed of 2 guard cells - this allows the gases to diffuse into and out of the leaf

10
Q

The phloem tubes are made up of

A

elongated living cells

11
Q

Xylem tubes/vessels are made up of

A

dead cells

12
Q

Define the transpiration stream

A

movement of water from the roots, through the xylem and out of the stomata

13
Q

Transpiration is

A

the evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant via its stomata

14
Q

Transpiration is fastest when it is

A

windy, dry air, sunny and warm

15
Q

Transpiration is slow when it is

A

cold, dark, humid and not windy

16
Q

How can you estimate the rate of transpiration?

A

By measuring the rate of water uptake using a potometer

17
Q

Name the cell that makes up the stomata

A

guard cells

18
Q

How do guard cells respond when there is plenty of water available?

A

they become turgid and the stomata open

19
Q

How do guard cells respond when there is not a lot of water available?

A

they shrink and become flaccid and the stomata close

20
Q

How do they stomata respond to the dark

A

they close to conserve water

21
Q

Which side of a leaf do you find more stomata

A

underside

22
Q

Why is there fewer stomata on the upper surface of a leaf?

A

because it is sunnier and warmer - having less stomata reduced water loss

23
Q

why is the upper epidermis transparent?

A

to allow light to pass through

24
Q

What type of cells is the xylem made from ?

A

dead cells

25
Q

Xylem tubes are strengthened by what material?

A

lignin

26
Q

The movement of water from the roots up the stem and out through the leaves is called the…

A

transpiration stream

27
Q

This word describes the evaporation and diffusion of water from the leaf via the stomata

A

transpiration

28
Q

Phloem tubes are made up from what type of cell?

A

living cells

29
Q

In a plant is glucose transported down the plant OR up and down the plant?

A

up AND down

30
Q

The movement of glucose up and down the plant is called?

A

translocation

31
Q

At night time what happens to the stomata?

A

they close (as no need to take in carbon dioxide)

32
Q

In the night what process happens in the plant?

A

respiration ONLY

33
Q

In the daytime what processes occur inside the plant?

A

Photosynthesis AND respiration

34
Q

In the daytime how do the stomata respond?

A

they open

35
Q

In dry conditions what happens to the stomata of a plant?

A

they become flaccid so that the stomata pore closes

36
Q

Why does the stomata close in dry conditions?

A

reduce water loss

37
Q

Which side of the leaf do you find the fewest number of stomata?

A

upper side

38
Q

Why are there fewer stomata on the upper surface of the leaf

A

warmer and sunnier

39
Q

Why are there more stomata on the under side of the leaf?

A

its cooler and in the shade

40
Q

Equation for photosynthesis (word equation)

A

water + carbon dioxide = glucose and oxygen

41
Q

How is the glucose used by the plant?

A
make cellulose
store as starch
used in respiration
used to make amino acids which make proteins
used to make fats and oils

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