Unit 5

Question 1

What is the definition of logic?

Answer 1

The study of good arguments

Question 2

What is a good argument?

Answer 2

one which provides good reasons for believing the conclusion

Question 3

What is theology?

Answer 3

Theology

Question 4

What is Theism?

Answer 4

belief that there is a deity that created and intervenes with the world but is distinct from the wold itself

Question 5

What is Deism?

Answer 5

belief that a supreme being created the world and set it in motion but does not intervene in it

Question 6

What is Monotheism?

Answer 6

belief that there is only one deities

Question 7

What is Polytheism?

Answer 7

belief that there are many deities that each play a role in the creation or governance of the world

Question 8

What is Pantheism?

Answer 8

belief that God is, or is coextensive, with the world

Question 9

What is Panentheism?

Answer 9

the belief that everything that exists is in God

Question 10

Who created The Ontological Argument?

Answer 10

St. Anselm

Question 11

Which argument is the most historical regarding religion?

Answer 11

The Ontological Argument

Question 12

What is The Ontological Argument?

Answer 12

Nothing better (perfect) or greater can be thought of than god

Question 13

What famous quote was by St. Anselm?

Answer 13

“than which none greater can be conceived”

Question 14

What philosopher proposed the greatest argument again St. Anselm?

Answer 14

Kant - something has to exist and have proof of itself before you can define it

Question 15

Who created the Cosmological Argument?

Answer 15

St. Thomas Aquaians

Question 16

Explain the Cosmological Argument.

Answer 16

• Whatever exists must om from something else, nothing is the source of its own existence
• All chains link back to god

Question 17

Who was the biggest critic of the Cosmological Argument?

Answer 17

Hume was the biggest critic -cause and effect doesn’t exist, his argument is based on human habit which is not reliable

Question 18

What is the alternate name for Argument by Design?

Answer 18

Technological Argument

Question 19

What philosopher created the Argument by Design?

Answer 19

William Paley

Question 20

What is the Argument by Design?

Answer 20

• Relates to watch - watch has an intelligent design, very complicated to make
  
  • Does not appear in the natural world, made by man
  • Unlike a rock, watch is a complex object - requires an intelligent maker
  • God made the watch but does not interfere with it
  • Something has always made something, and the ultimate designer is God
  • God controls large ideas, not daily life - free will

Question 21

Who was the biggest critic of the Argument by Design?

Answer 21

Darwin –> intelligent design isn’t for a purpose, it’s random (natural selection)

Question 22

What is specified complexity?

Answer 22

must be created by an intelligent being and has a complex purpose but a direct and detailed purpose that is unique to itself

Question 23

What is the best example of specified complexity?

Answer 23

Human genes

Question 24

What is agnosticism?

Answer 24

IDK if god exists

Question 25

What is the purpose of the Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path?

Answer 25

To end all suffering

Question 26

What are the Four Noble Truths?

Answer 26

1. Life is dukkha (suffering) 2. The cause of suffering is tanha (desire) 3. In order not to suffer, you must eliminate desire 4. The only way to eliminate desire is to follow the eight-fold path

Question 27

What are the steps in The Eightfold Path?

Answer 27

1. Right Knowledge: Absorb wisdom of Buddhism 2. Right Aims: Think/Believe/ Goals to show you want to do well. Talk is cheap/ show belief and mindset 3. Right Speech: Slander/Bad words- Don’t be mean to people. Don’t slander that aren’t there to defend themselves. 4. Right Conduct: 5 moral codes-> no killing, stealing, lying, committing of illicit sexual acts or consuming of intoxicants 5. Right Livelihood: certain professions are forbidden if you want to enlighten. Ex: prostitute, drug dealer, slave dealer, butcher> any Buddhist would be condemned for eating meat 6. Right Effort: focuses on willpower, must have the will to do what you must instead of saying that you will 7. Right Mindfulness: Your mindset, right speech is half the battle; refrain from thinking bad things then you’re closer 8. Right Meditation: Proper exercise (yoga), taking care of yourself, meditate