Unit 5/6 Kozier/Piillitteri

Question 0

Pilliteri reading

Answer 0

1170-1178

Question 1

Kozier Reading

Answer 1

Unit 5
50: 1378-1403

Unit 6
31

Question 2

Intrapleural

Answer 2

Pressure in the plural cavity around the lungs

Question 3

Intrapulmonary Pressure

Answer 3

Pressure in the lung

Equal to atmosphere

Question 4

Normal tidal volume

Answer 4

500 mL

Question 5

Compliance

Answer 5

Lung stretching

Question 6

Atelectasis

Answer 6

Partial lung collapse

Question 7

Lung recoil

Answer 7

Opposite of compliance

Easing of stretching important for expiration

Question 8

Hemoglobin

Answer 8

97% O2 is bound

Question 9

Factors affecting O2 transoirt

Answer 9

Cardiac output
Erythrocytes
Hematocrit
Excercise

Question 10

CO2 transport

Answer 10

Bicarbonate in RBC
CO2 in HGB
Carbonic acid in plasma

Question 11

Medulla

Answer 11

Responds strongly to CO2 concentration and stimulates increased respiration

Question 12

Emphysema

Answer 12

Controlled by O2 concentrations
CO2 chronically elevated
High O2 levels may stop breathing

Question 13

Lungs at birth

Answer 13

Fluid drains
CO2 increases and then first breath
2 weeks to full infation

Question 14

Factors decreasing adult lung functioning (Decreases)

Answer 14

Decreasing:
Tissue elasticity
Gas exchange
Cough reflex
Cilia movement
Muscle/Bone strength
Immune system
Efficiency in eating

Question 15

Environmental factors of Oxygenation

Answer 15

Temp
Pollution
Altitude

Question 16

Lifestyle factors of Oxygenation

Answer 16

Exercise
Employment
Foreign substance inhalation

Question 17

Hyperventilation and Oxygenation

Answer 17

PO2 rises
CO2 falls
Bronchioles dilate
Blood flow increases

Question 18

Upper Airway Obstruction

Answer 18

Nost Phar and Lar

Caused by food, tongue falling back, Wet sounding secretions

Question 19

Lower Airway obstruction

Answer 19

Bronchi and lungs

Caused by mucus and exudate

Question 20

RR across lifespan

Answer 20

Neonate 40-80
Infant 30
Preschool 25
Adolescent and up 12-20

Question 21

Pediatric Oxygenation diseases

Answer 21

Infection
Choking
Cystic Fibrosis
Asthma

Question 22

Older Adults Oxygenation Diseases

Answer 22

Infection
Emphysema
COPD
Pneumonia
Smoking/Chemical
Alpha1Antitrypsin

Question 23

Older Adult Pneumonia symptoms

Answer 23

Absent fever
Confusion
Decreased appetite
Increased VS
Decreased O2

Question 24

Interventions to manage COPD symptoms

Answer 24

``` Encourage wellness Disease prevention Pacing Smaller/Frequent meals Avoid environmental factors CI Medications ```

Question 25

Interventions for pneumonia PTs

Answer 25

``` Change position Ambulate Deep breathing Breathing TX Medications Suctioning ```

Question 26

Strido

Answer 26

Harsh high pitched sound | Found in lower obstructions

Question 27

Peds medicine and bronchitis

Answer 27

Mostly to relieve symptoms | Cough syrup not indicated because sputum needs to be expressed

Question 28

Bronchiolitis

Answer 28

Most common @ 6 months Prevalent @ < 2 years Winter and Spring Correlation with developing asthma

Question 29

bBronchiolitis symptoms

Answer 29

``` 1-2 days URI 2-3 days of symptoms Hypoxia Flaring, retractions, wheezing Tachy Eating slows Easily Fatigued ```

Question 30

RSV

Answer 30

``` Respiratory Syncytial Virus UREI and moves to bronchioles Need to be hospitalized Peaks in 48-72 hours Isolation precautions ```

Question 31

RSV Symptoms

Answer 31

S/S of resp distress Abnormal lung sounds Apnea

Question 32

RSV treatment

Answer 32

``` Dehydration Lethargic O2 (possibly vent) Abnormal lung sounds Hypoxia ```

Question 33

RSV meds

Answer 33

Ribavarin (controversial AV) RSV-IGIV Palivizumab (both can be prophylactically given to Premie during winter)

Question 34

Asthma

Answer 34

Most common chronic illness | S/S @ <5 years (Bronchiolitis might be initially diagnosed)

Question 35

Asthma exacerbaters (Cops Map)

Answer 35

``` Cold Air Odors Pollen/Pollution Smoke Mold Aspirin Pets ```

Question 36

Asthma Mechanisms (Bib)

Answer 36

Bronchospasm Inflammation Bronchial secretion increase

Question 37

Asthma symptom

Answer 37

``` Dry cough Difficult exhaling Dyspnea Wheezing on exp more common Wheezing on inh signals acute ```

Question 38

Asthma assesment

Answer 38

``` Visually assess for breathing distress Auscultate lungs Compare inhale/exhale time Pulse Ox Percussion is louder than normal ```

Question 39

Asthma Weezing

Answer 39

Should be bilateral If localized, may be aspiration Decrease with S/S still persistent indicated acute emergency)

Question 40

Asthma attack interventions

Answer 40

Don't say "relax' Have PT sit or stand Meds Hydrate but not milk

Question 41

Classes of Asthma meds

Answer 41

``` Prophylactic Corticosteroids (flovent) Mast Cell agonist (Cromoly Na) Leukotriene Receptor Agonists Acute Bronchodilators (Buterols) ```

Question 42

Status Asthmaticus

Answer 42

Persistent Unrelieved asthma attack

Question 43

Status Asthmaticus ABG symptoms

Answer 43

Low O2 High CO2 Acidosis

Question 44

Status Asthmaticus Treatment

Answer 44

``` Continue steroids and dilators O2 Warm PO Fluids D5.45 Intubation/Ventilation PRN ```

Question 45

Asthmaticus O2 guidelines

Answer 45

``` Maintain > 90% O2 sat < 30% Face mask/cannula > 40% Venturi with rebreathing Humidified Assess for hyp/apnea from too much CO2 ```