Unit 5

Question 1

3 treatments for behavior maintained by social reinforcement

Answer 1

Extinction (EXT)
Differential reinforcement
Non-contingent reinforcement (NCR)

Question 2

Extinction procedure for behavior maintained by social reinforcement

Answer 2

Withholding attention or tangible item contingent on problem behavior

Question 3

Extinction as a process

Answer 3

Decrease in a response by discontinuing response-reinforcer contingency

Question 4

Extinction as a procedure

Answer 4

Withholding a specific reinforcer following problem behavior

Question 5

Differential reinforcement

Answer 5

Reinforcing one response while withholding reinforcers for another

Question 6

Non-contingent reinforcement (NCR)

Answer 6

Response-independent or time-based delivery of reinforcement

Question 7

3 treatments for behavior maintained by social negative reinforcement

Answer 7

Extinction
Differential reinforcement
Antecedent-based interventions

Question 8

Extinction procedure for behavior maintained by social negative reinforcement

Answer 8

Withholding escape of an aversive stimulus contingent on problem behavior

Question 9

DNRO

differential negative reinforcement of other behavior

Answer 9

Provide escape contingent on the absence of problem behavior for a period of time

Question 10

DNRA

differential negative reinforcement of alternative behavior

Answer 10

Provide escape from aversive stimuli contingent on appropriate alternative response

Question 11

3 antecedent-based interventions for behavior maintained by social negative reinforcement

Answer 11

Non-contingent escape
Demand fading
Curricular (instructional) revision

Question 12

3 treatments for behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement

Answer 12

Extinction
Differential reinforcement
Competing stimuli

Question 13

Automatic reinforcement

Answer 13

A product of the response itself reinforces the response

Question 14

Extinction procedure for behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement

Answer 14

Masking reinforcing sensory stimulation contingent on problem behavior

Question 15

Competing stimuli

Answer 15

Non-contingent delivery of items found to “compete” with response products

Question 16

Competing stimulus assessment

Answer 16

A method for identifying items that compete with the response product

Question 17

Why extinction may be impractical

Answer 17

Difficult or not feasible to implement extinction in natural environment

Question 18

DRO schedule thinning procedure

Answer 18

Increase duration of time in which behavior must be absent

Question 19

3 DRA schedule thinning procedures

Answer 19

Increase time between response and reinforcer
Increase number of responses required for reinforcer access
Dense to lean fixed-interval schedule

Question 20

NCR schedule thinning procedure

Answer 20

Increase the passage of time required for delivering the reinforcer

Question 21

3 considerations for selecting a functional communication topography

Answer 21

Audience
Response effort
Behavioral repertoire

Question 22

Punishment is a “default” technology

Answer 22

Relied upon by untrained people due to its quick effects of decreasing in behavior

Question 23

The use of punishment may be warranted

Answer 23

Topographies of behavior are likely to cause harm to one’s self and/or others

Question 24

5 common ethical concerns of punishment

Answer 24

Data collection (long-term effects)
Appropriate procedure for the function
Legality of procedures
Supportive environment
Review and approval

Question 25

6 positive punishment procedures

Answer 25

``` Reprimands Response blocking Contingent exercise Overcorrection Contingent electric stimulation Presentation of other aversive stimuli ```

Question 26

Reprimands

Answer 26

A statement of social disapproval is delivered following problem behavior

Question 27

Contingent exercise

Answer 27

Required to perform a response topographically different from the problem behavior

Question 28

Overcorrection

Answer 28

Required to exert effort contingent upon problem behavior

Question 29

2 types of overcorrection

Answer 29

Restitutional overcorrection | Positive practice

Question 30

Restitutional overcorrection

Answer 30

Required to restore the environment beyond its original state.

Question 31

Positive practice

Answer 31

Required to repeatedly "practice" the behavior in the correct way

Question 32

Simple restitution

Answer 32

Required to restore the environment back to its original state

Question 33

Contingent electronic stimulation

Answer 33

Brief stimulus delivered following problem behavior

Question 34

Presentation of aversive stimuli

Answer 34

Aversive stimuli delivered contingent on problem behavior

Question 35

Response blocking

Answer 35

Physically intervening to prevent the completion of the response

Question 36

3 negative punishment procedures

Answer 36

Time-out Response cost Fines/penalties

Question 37

Time-out (from positive reinforcement)

Answer 37

Unable to ear positive reinforcement for a specific time period contingent on problem behavior

Question 38

2 main types of time-out

Answer 38

Non-exclusionary | Exclusionary

Question 39

Non-exclusionary time out

Answer 39

Time-out procedure where the individual remains in the environment

Question 40

Exclusionary time-out

Answer 40

Time-out procedure where the individual is removed from the environment

Question 41

4 sub-types of non-exclusionary time-out

Answer 41

Planned ignoring Time-out ribbon Contingent observation Withdrawal of a specific reinforcer

Question 42

3 sub-types of exclusionary time-out

Answer 42

Partition or barrier Hallway Other room

Question 43

Response cost

Answer 43

Loss of a specific amount of positive reinforcement contingent on problem behavior

Question 44

5 variables affecting punishment effectiveness

Answer 44

``` Intensity Behavior chains Schedule of delivery Conflicting rules Delay of delivery ```

Question 45

Intensity of punishment

Answer 45

Deliver punishment at a high intensity

Question 46

Behavior chains and punishment

Answer 46

Deliver punishers at the beginning of a chain

Question 47

Punishment delivery schedule

Answer 47

Deliver punishment every time problem behavior occurs

Question 48

Delay of punishment delivery

Answer 48

Deliver punishment immediately following an instance of problem behavior

Question 49

Conditioned punisher

Answer 49

Present a neutral stimulus along with a punisher following problem behavior

Question 50

5 considerations for punishment procedures

Answer 50

``` Include procedures to replace behavior Program for reinforcement Use minimal intrusiveness Use based on literature and competencies Vary punishers when feasible ```