unit 5: consciousness

Question 1

the biological clock: regular bodily rhythms that occur in a 24-25 hour cycle

Answer 1

circadian rhythm

Question 2

tthe relatively slow brainwaves of a relaxed, awake state

Answer 2

alpha waves

Question 3

large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Answer 3

delta waves

Question 4

a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls the circadian rhythm. In response to light, the SCN causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production

Answer 4

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Question 5

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at bad times (neurological)

Answer 5

narcolepsy

Question 6

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Answer 6

sleep apnea

Question 7

disorder characterized by high arousal and the appearance of being terrified, occurs in NREM3

Answer 7

night terrors

Question 8

sleep walking and talking

Answer 8

parasomnias

Question 9

sudden infant death syndrome

Answer 9

SIDS

Question 10

the remembered story line of a dream (freud)

Answer 10

manifest content

Question 11

the underlying meaning of a dream (freud)

Answer 11

latent content

Question 12

the theory that firing neurons hit different parts of the brain during sleep, generating random strings of informationt hat the frontal lobe strings together

Answer 12

activation synthesis theory

Question 13

the theory that we use dreams to forget useless information from before the dream

Answer 13

crick-mitchison theory

Question 14

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

Answer 14

REM rebound

Question 15

continued substance craving and sue despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

Answer 15

substance abuse disorder

Question 16

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Answer 16

psychoactive drugs

Question 17

a diminishing effect with regular use of the same dosage of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s efefct

Answer 17

tolerance/ neuroadaptation

Question 18

drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Answer 18

barbituate

Question 19

opium and its derivatives, (morphine, heroin), depresses neural activity, temorarily lessening pain and anxiety

Answer 19

opiates

Question 20

excite neural activity and speed up body fucntions

Answer 20

stimulant drugs

Question 21

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing sped up body functions an dassociated energy and mood changes

Answer 21

amphetamines

Question 22

stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco

Answer 22

nicotine

Question 23

a powerful and addictive stimulant derived from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness an deuphoria

Answer 23

cocaine

Question 24

a powerful hallucinogenic drug, aka acid

Answer 24

LSD

Question 25

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the CNS, with sped up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; overtime appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

Answer 25

mehtamphetamine

Question 26

a synthetic stimulant and hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and long term harm to serotonin producing neurons and to mood and cognition

Answer 26

ecstasy (MDMA)

Question 27

psychedelic drugs such as LSD that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Answer 27

hallucinogens

Question 28

the major active ingredient in marijuana, triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations

Answer 28

THC

Question 29

a pattern of brain waves/bursts of neural activity that occur during NREM2

Answer 29

sleep spindles

Question 30

characterized by people being able to wake up easily, hypnogogic feelings, heart rate decrease and Theta waves

Answer 30

NREM1

Question 31

characterized by sleep spindles, theta waves, muscle and brain activity decreases

Answer 31

NREM2

Question 32

characterized by deep sleep, slow brain activity, slow delta waves, parasomnias

Answer 32

NREM3

Question 33

characterized by beta waves, vivid dreams, lack of muscle movement but rapid brain activity

Answer 33

REM