Unit 5 Study Guide

Question 1

Through what system does the body transport oxygen?

Answer 1

Cardiovascular system

Question 2

Give five ways in which the cardiovascular system maintains Homeostasis

Answer 2

• body temperature
• blood pressure
• blood volume
• maintain biological pH
• protect body from Invaders

Question 3

How many chambers are there in the heart? And our Atria on the top or the bottom of the heart?

Answer 3

Four
Top

Question 4

Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs and which side goes to the body?

Answer 4

Blood-> lungs= Right side
Blood-> body= Left side

Question 5

Arteries carry blood__________ the heart.

Answer 5

From

Question 6

What is the job of capillaries?

Answer 6

To exchange gases

Question 7

What is dissolved in plasma?

Answer 7

Proteins and antibodies

Question 8

What is the job of all the red blood cell?

Answer 8

To carry oxygen

Question 9

What is the job of a white blood cell?

Answer 9

Protect the body by killing viruses and bacteria

Question 10

What do platelets help with?

Answer 10

Clotting the blood

Question 11

What is the difference between a close and open circulatory system? Give an example of a creature that has each. Which one do humans have?

Answer 11

Open circulatory system:
-Blood flows freely through Open spaces
- grasshoppers

Close circulatory system
- blood remains within vessels throughout its circulation
- mammals and humans

Question 12

What is brought into the body and removed from the body by respiration?

Answer 12

Brought into the body: Oxygen
Removed from the body: carbon dioxide

Question 13

Why do we have mucus?

Answer 13

• filters germs
• moistens the air
• traps, dust and bacteria

Question 14

What goes through the pharynx?

Answer 14

Food and Air

Question 15

What is the name of the door that keeps food out of the lungs?

Answer 15

Glottis

Question 16

The voice box is called

Answer 16

Larynx

Question 17

True or false: The lungs are just basically two large balloons

Answer 17

False

Question 18

What creature has a more efficient respiratory system than we do?

Answer 18

Birds

Question 19

Give the five functions of the digestive system, for each given example of where in the system it occurs.

Answer 19

• mechanical digestion
  • chew with teeth
• secretion
  • making enzymes
• chemical digestion
  • acid denaturing proteins from Burger
• absorption
  • Small intestine
• elimination
  • body removes waste

Question 20

How is food mostly chemically digested? Acid or enzymes?

Answer 20

Enzymes

Question 21

What is the job of the small intestine?

Answer 21

Here, food from the stomach is mixed with many enzymes from the pancreas

Question 22

Large intestine job is

Answer 22

Remove water from feces

Question 23

What are the two jobs of the pancreas?

Answer 23

Makes enzymes
Makes insulin

Question 24

Give four functions of the liver

Answer 24

• makes bile
• allows animals to store glucose
• makes clotting Factor proteins
• breaks down and recycles old blood cells

Question 25

What are the three functions of kidneys?

Answer 25

- cleans the blood by removing waste - control fluid levels - balance minerals in blood

Question 26

Urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder via the:

Answer 26

Ureters

Question 27

Urine leaves the body through:

Answer 27

The urethra

Question 28

What is the job of the spleen?

Answer 28

The spleen is a "guard post" and watches for infections. It also makes fetal blood and stores blood in adults.

Question 29

What do lymph nodes do?

Answer 29

Keep watch over your blood

Question 30

What's the function of tonsils and the appendix?

Answer 30

Act as a defense barrier by trapping and fighting off bacteria and viruses

Question 31

What is an allergy?

Answer 31

An inflammatory response to something not usually considered dangerous

Question 32

Give the two major functions of the endocrine system

Answer 32

Makes hormones, which are used for: Homeostasis- Short-Term change Puberty- Long term change

Question 33

What do gonads release?

Answer 33

Sex Hormones

Question 34

What does the pancreas release? And what is wrong with diabetics concerning insulin?

Answer 34

Insulin Diabetics either don't make enough insulin or don't make any at all.

Question 35

Give the two primary sex organs of males and females respectively

Answer 35

Ovaries and testes

Question 36

The testes make:

Answer 36

Sperm and testosterone

Question 37

The ovaries release:

Answer 37

Estrogen and eggs

Question 38

What is made by the seminal vesicles?

Answer 38

Semen

Question 39

What is made by the prostate?

Answer 39

Antacid

Question 40

What is made by the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 40

Lubricant

Question 41

What is the job of the penis, reproductively?

Answer 41

Getting sperm inside a vagina

Question 42

What is the purpose of fallopian tubes?

Answer 42

Eggs pass through and fertilization occurs

Question 43

What is shed during a girl's period?

Answer 43

Endometrium (the tissue that lines the uterus)

Question 44

What passes through the cervix?

Answer 44

Sperm, menstrual fluid

Question 45

The external reproductive anatomy of a female is collectively known as the:

Answer 45

Vulva

Question 46

Is it possible for large foreign objects to pass the cervix into the uterus?

Answer 46

No

Question 47

What is the job of mammary glands? (Boobs)

Answer 47

Make, store, and release milk to feed a baby (Lactation)