Unit 6 EQ- A divided nation

Question 1

What was the goal of the Radical Republicans?

Answer 1

to force change in South- ensure equal rights for AA

Question 2

Significance at First Battle of Bull Run:

Answer 2

Both sides realized that the war wouldn’t be over as quickly as they thought

1st major battle

Question 3

What was the Freedmen’s Bureau; what did they do to assist former enslaved people?

Answer 3

federal agency to provide aid for freed people

food, education, legalized marriages, hospitals

Question 4

What was the goal of the Free Soil Party?

Answer 4

stop spread of slavery in the U.S.

1st anti slavery party

Question 5

Who were “carpetbaggers” and “scalawags”?

Answer 5

Republicans in the South who promoted equal rights for AA

Question 6

How did the Emancipation Proclamation boost the Union Army?

Answer 6

more soldiers for union

South lost labor supply

Also changed motivation for Union (preserving the Union —–> ending slavery)

Question 7

What were border states

Answer 7

slaves states that stayed in the union

Question 8

What were Jim Crow laws?

Answer 8

laws that enforce segregation in the South

Question 9

What was Lincoln’s overall message of his 2nd Inaugural Address?

Answer 9

union getting back together and the North and South needed to put aside hatred and resentment and move forward in peace

“With malice towards none, with charity for all

Question 10

Abraham Lincoln role during Civil War

Answer 10

POTUS of Union

Question 11

What were two ways that Southern Democrats prevented African Americans from voting?

Answer 11

• poll taxes- pay to vote
• literacy tests

Question 12

Identify the Kansas Nebraska Act and its effect on Kansas

Answer 12

Stephen Douglass divided the Louisiana Territory in 2 (Kansas and Nebraska)

Effect- this allowed people to decide slavery

would lead to 3 year violence (“Bleeding Kansas”)

Question 13

What were two economic measures taken by the Union that still exist today?

Answer 13

income tax and greenbacks (paper currency)

Question 14

What did Lincoln say about secession in his 1st inaugural Address

Answer 14

illegal, shouldn’t be done

Question 15

conscription def.

Answer 15

draft- forced military service

used by both North and South

Question 16

Compromise of 1850: Parts that pleased the SOUTH:

Answer 16

1. Mexican Cession based on popular sovereignty
2. stronger fugitive slave laws

Question 17

Describe Sherman’s March and its significance

Answer 17

General William T. Sherman pushed ATL to Atlantic.

Waged total war (destroyed everything) and left path of destruction through GA

His success helped AL win re-election

Question 18

How did the Financial Panic of 1873 affect Northerners’ views / concern about Reconstruction? _

Answer 18

became less concerned about South racism and reconstruction, and more concerned abt finances and the economy

Question 19

What did the Supreme Court rule in the case of Dred Scott v. Sanford?

Answer 19

AA were not citizens

living on free soil didn’t make an enslaved person free

enslaved people were property protected by 5th amendment so Congress couldn’t ban slavery

Question 20

Describe the events surrounding the assassination of Abraham Lincol

Answer 20

He was attending play at Ford’s theater in D.C. (5 days after Lee surrendered)

John Wilkes Booth snuck into the POTUS box and shot him

Question 21

Explain why the Battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg were turning points for the North:

Answer 21

Battle of Gettysburg- In PA (2nd time Lee invaded the North)
1/3 Conf. dead or wounded/ “will never rebuild to fighting strength”

Battle of Vicksburg- North gained control of Mississippi River

Question 22

Who was the first African American elected to the United States Senate?

Answer 22

Hiram Revels

Question 23

Lincoln ended his 1st Inaugural Address with an appeal to the South saying “We are not _______________, but ______________

Answer 23

enemies but friends

Question 24

Union advantages in Civil War

Answer 24

• large population (more soldiers)

-factories (wartime production) 85%

-most Railroads (for movement of goods)

-AL leadership

Question 25

Result at First Battle of Bull Run:

Answer 25

Union Retreated after counter attack led by "Stonewall" Jackson

Question 26

Why was the Civil War often referred to as “A rich man’s war, but a poor man’s fight”?

Answer 26

Northerners and Southerners could avoid draft by hiring substitues In South, men who owned 20 or more slaves were exempt from war

Question 27

What role did the following women play in the Civil War: Clara Barton

Answer 27

American Red Cross Union Nurse

Question 28

. Explain the advancements in military technology listed below: minie ball

Answer 28

bullet with hollow base that expands to fit groove in rifle more deadly than previous musket balls

Question 29

Confederate Strategy during Civil War

Answer 29

stay on defense cotton diplomacy (cutoff cotton from GB until they become allies)

Question 30

. Explain the advancements in military technology listed below: ironclads

Answer 30

battleships covered with iron changed navel warfare 1st battle between ironclads ended in a tie

Question 31

Using what authority and for what reason did Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 31

Commander in Chief action to weaken south and bring an end to the war

Question 32

Robert E. Lee

Answer 32

Commanding general of CSA

Question 33

What role did the following women play in the Civil War: Harriet Tubman

Answer 33

Union spy

Question 34

Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

Answer 34

Harriet Beacher Stowe

Question 35

Who became POTUS after Lincoln Died

Answer 35

VP Andrew Johnson

Question 36

What was the goal of the Republican Party?

Answer 36

against slavery spreading to new territories

Question 37

Who were the “Copperheads” and what did Lincoln do to some of them that was considered unconstitutional by his critics?

Answer 37

Northern Democrats who opposed Abraham Lincoln and called for peace arrested (suspended writ of habeas corpus)

Question 38

. What problem / issue did the Compromise of 1877 solve? Who became POTUS as a result / political party

Answer 38

To determine the winner of Election of 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes/Republican

Question 39

Election of 1868 - winner/party:

Answer 39

U.S. Grant Republican

Question 40

Why did the Compromise of 1877 mark the end of Reconstruction?

Answer 40

federal troops removed from the Sotuh

Question 41

What did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 require Southern states to do to be readmitted to the Union?

Answer 41

- Ratify the 14th amendment - Extend the right to vote to AA

Question 42

.Goal of Union army at First Battle of Bull Run:

Answer 42

capture confederate capital- end rebellion in 1 battle

Question 43

Compromise of 1850: Parts that pleased the NORTH:

Answer 43

California= free slave trade banned in D.C.

Question 44

Election of 1860: Winner/Party

Answer 44

Abraham Lincoln- Republican

Question 45

. Which enslaved people were freed by the Proclamation?

Answer 45

freed slaves in states of rebellion (not border states)

Question 46

Identify the significance of Appomattox Courthouse, VA

Answer 46

Lee surrendered

Question 47

What was the goal of the Ku Klux Klan?

Answer 47

to terrorize AA and their supporters and restore Dem control in the south

Question 48

What was the occasion of the Gettysburg Address AND what did Lincoln say the end of the war would bring in his speech?

Answer 48

speech to dedicate battlefield as a cemetery. "War would bring a new birth of freedom

Question 49

15th Amendment

Answer 49

Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote based on race

Question 50

Uncle Tom's Cabin effect on the North

Answer 50

many became abolitionists (book depicted slavery)

Question 51

13th Amendment

Answer 51

made slavery illegal in the U.S.

Question 52

Ulysses S. Grant role in Civil War

Answer 52

Commanding General of Union

Question 53

What did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 do to the South?

Answer 53

divide south into 5 military districts

Question 54

What did Lincoln say about invading the South in his 1st inaugural Address

Answer 54

North will never attack first

Question 55

14th amendment

Answer 55

all people who were born or naturalized in the US (except NA) are citizens. It guaranteed citizens equal protection of the laws states that citizens could not be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law

Question 56

Who was the first African American soldier to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor?

Answer 56

William Carney

Question 57

What did Lincoln say about slavery in his 1st inaugural Address

Answer 57

it will stay

Question 58

Response to Uncle Tom's Cabin in South

Answer 58

banned it (said it falsely critized slavery in South)

Question 59

What did Lincoln say about federal property in his 1st inaugural Address

Answer 59

keep + protect all government property in seceding states

Question 60

What were ‘black codes”

Answer 60

Southern States laws that limited freedom of AA

Question 61

Describe the reason and result for Raid on Harpers Ferry.

Answer 61

Arm slaves so they could rebel slaves didn't show up, but Marines did Brown's men captured and killed (John Brown was hanged) his execution would further divide North and South

Question 62

Union strategy during Civil War

Answer 62

Anaconda Plan (squeeze southern economy by making blocked on Southern coast and taking control of Mississippi River Capture Richmond, VA

Question 63

What happened as a result of the election of AL?

Answer 63

Confederate States of America

Question 64

Significance of Battle of Antietam

Answer 64

Bloodiest day in U.S. history 1st time Lee invaded North (Maryland)

Question 65

For most African Americans who stayed on plantations, what system did they become a part of?

Answer 65

sharecropping

Question 66

KNOW MAP

Answer 66

YESSSSSSSSS

Question 67

Jefferson Davis role in Civil War

Answer 67

POTUS of Cnnfederate States of America

Question 68

. Explain the advancements in military technology listed below: Rifle def.

Answer 68

groove in barrel put spin on bullet, giving more accuracy and distance more deadly than muskets

Question 69

Fort Sumter significance

Answer 69

1st shots of Civil War AL called for army to end rebellion, causing more states to secede (VA most important)

Question 70

CSA advantages during Civil War

Answer 70

- experienced generals - fighting defensive war - motivation (for homes and property) -strong military tradition

Question 71

What was Reconstruction?

Answer 71

Process readmitting CSA States into Union, including extending Civil Rights to AA (1865-1877)