WWII era test review +EQ Flashcards
study for WWII test (104 cards)
1
Q
Time frame of World War II Era
A
1930-1945
2
Q
how were investors funding their stocks during the Great Depression
A
borrowing money from banks
3
Q
what happened to the banks after Black Tuesday
A
stock prices fell and the stock market crashed
4
Q
how were other Americans outside of the stock market affected when it crashed?
A
banks closed/ no one could go to the bank to get money(no one had any money)
5
Q
what was Hoover’s response to Black Tuesday and to what happened to the stock market.
A
He thought that businesses should solve the problem and that the federal government should not get involved in helping unemployed people
6
Q
what did Hoover rely on for relief during Great Depression
A
state and local governments, churches, charities, and individuals
7
Q
what happened to cotton prices during this time?
A
prices went down
8
Q
How did cotton prices affect Texas farmers
A
small farmers lost land
9
Q
why were big farmers able to survive cotton prices dropping
A
they could withstand the low prices
10
Q
what led to the Dust Bowl?
A
record high temps.
Severe droughts
11
Q
who won election of 1932
A
Roosevelt
12
Q
what was Roosevelts platform for fixing the great depression
A
- he promised hands on approach to fixing the economy
- he thought the it was the government’s responsibility to help people
13
Q
what is an example of a New Deal Program that exists today?
A
-Alphabet Agencies
-Laws and Acts
- Social Security Act
14
Q
Sam Rayburn’s position
A
Texan that was the Speaker of House
15
Q
How was Rayburn a part of the New Deal
A
passed law to reform way stocks were traded (to prevent 2nd crash)
16
Q
know topic of New Deal
A
yes
17
Q
why was Dallas chosen as the site of the centennial
A
business community offered most funding
18
Q
how much funding did Dallas provide for the Texas Centennial
A
almost $8 million
19
Q
what was the Texas Centennial
A
a celebration of Texas’s 100th year of independence from Mexico
20
Q
Why were the Germans upset after WWI
A
Treaty of Versailles gave all blame for war on Germany
21
Q
what did Germany have to do after WWI
A
- give away German land
-heavy payments (reparations)
-Great Depression made it worse for Germany
22
Q
Axis Powers (main 3 countries)
A
-Germany
- Italy
-Japan
23
Q
Allied Powers (main 5 countries)
A
- Great Britain
-France - China
-Soviet Union - U.S.A.
24
Q
what two countries from the Allied Powers joined Later in the war
A
-Soviet Union
- U.S.A.
25
when did the Soviet Union and the USA join WWII
1941
26
How did the U.S. respond to Japan allying with the Axis powers
-disapproved decision
-placed embargo on Japan
27
What embargo did U.S. place on Japan when Japan joined the Axis powers
stopped selling oil+ other natural resources to Japan
28
what happened of December 7th, 1941
Japanese plan bombed navel base at Pearl Harbor
29
where did Pearl Harbor take place
Hawaii
30
How did the U.S. respond to pearl harbor
declared war against Japan
31
who was Dorie Miller?
sailor on battleship West Virginia at Pearl Harbor
32
what did Dorie Miller do?
he manned anti aircraft gun with no training and shut down 4-6 enemy planes
33
why was Texas a good training ground during WWII
-favorable climate
- wide open spaces
34
what was the most important school in the nation for training pilots?
Randolph Field
35
where was Randolph Field Located
near San Antonio
36
what was Randolph Field known as
"West Point of the Air"
37
what Rank what Oveta Culp Hobby
colonel
38
why was Oveta Culp Hobby important
she was the commander of the Women's Army corp
39
what does WASP stand for
Women Airforce Service Pilots
40
what did the WASP do?
-flew planes from factories to military bases
- flew practice missions
-tested damaged warplanes
41
Summary of Leonard Roy Harmon
- killed while shielding a shipmate from gunfire with his own body
-Awarded Navy Cross
-First African American to have a warship named after him
42
what was the most important point of Leonard Roy Harmon
-First African American to have a warship named after him
43
Summary of Andie Murphy
- Single handedly held off an attack by 200 German troops so the rest of his unit could escape
-most highly decorated American during WWII
- Won every medal the military offers for bravery, including the Medal of Honor
44
what was the most important point on Andie Murphy
most highly decorated American during WWII
45
what did Andie Murphy do to make him the most high decorated American during WWII
Single handedly held off an attack by 200 German troops so the rest of his unit could escape (+ more)
46
what are two examples of discrimination in the Armed Forces?
- people denied African Americans equal opportunity to become heroes because they were in non combat roles
-put in segregated units
47
who else always faced discrimination during WWII
Tejanos and Anglo Americans
48
what did Texans along the Gulf of Mexico worry about
they worried about an attack from the air or sea
49
how did Texans along the Gulf of Mexico protect themselves from air or sea attacks
- practiced air raid drills
- at night, cities practiced blackouts to guard possible enemy air attacks
-Texans formed CAP where pilots flew planes too look for enemies along the coast
50
what does the CAP stand for
Civil Air Patrol
51
How did people on the Homefront do their part in the war
- rationing
-buying war bonds
-working in war supporting industries
52
why were some Texans upset about rationing gasoline
Texas was an oil rich state
53
why were speed limits lowered during WWII
to save gasoline
54
What were the camps like for German POW
people had limited freedoms
55
What happened on February 19,1942
Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066
56
what was the context of Executive Order 9066
it removed about 120,000 people of Japanese descent and 11,000 people of German descent from their homes and into internment camps.
57
when was the Executive Order 9066 written
Februrary 19, 1942
58
what percentage were native born American citizens during this time
2/3
59
What did the State of Texas as a whole have to do to support the war
-produce huge numbers of military equipment
-oil to power their machines
- and food to feed the nation
60
Why was Industrial Production so huge on Texan and US history
it lead to an economic boom which ended the Great Depression
61
how much of the U.S. oil is produced in Texas
40%
62
what were some Items that Texas produced during the Industrial Production time
- Gasoline
- Aviation fuel
-Synthetic rubber
-explosives
63
know topic of Industrial Production
yes
64
why did the U.S. have to make synthetic rubber
Japanese conquests in Southeast Asia cut the U.S. off from natural rubber
65
why did Texas Cities grow so much during the war (WIP)
500,000 people moved to cities to work in factories
manufacturing
66
what was the Bracero program
brought 4.5 million migrants to work in the U.S.
67
what is V-E Day
to Celebrate ending of War in Europe
"Victory in Europe"
68
when was V-E day
May 8th. 1945
69
what was the Holocaust
millions of innocent people, mostly Jews, had been killed by the German government in camps
70
what eventually happened to Jewish people who lived in Europe
-shops were boycotted or destroyed
- Jews were forced to wear Star of David to identify themselves
-Jews were forced out of homes/into ghettos
71
what did the U.S. do to end the war with Japan?
dropped Atomic bomb on Japanese city of Hiroshima
72
what was the U.S. the only country to do with weapons
-manufacture nuclear weapons
-use them in combat
73
when did WWII end
September 2nd 1945
74
How many deaths total were there in WWII
20 million
75
how much economic damage was caused during WWII
4 trillion dollars
76
True of False:
Hoover relied on the government to provide charity for people affected by the depression
false
77
True of False:
Franklin Roosevelt did not think the government was responsible for fixing the Depression
false
78
true or false:
Sam Rayburn advocated against New Deal policies
false
79
true of false:
The Dust Bowl was caused by tornados
false
80
true or false:
Cotton prices rise significantly which hurt farmers
false
81
true of false:
Unemployment was at an all time high during the Great Depression
true
82
true or false:
People would regularly borrow money from banks to use in the stock market
true
83
Two things about Oveta Cub Hobby (review slides)
- Asked to organize a corps of nearly 200,000 women to serve in noncombat roles in the military
- Assigned the rank of colonel and commanded the Women’s Army Corps
84
Two things about Andie Murphy (review slides)
-Single handedly held off an attack by 200 German troops so the rest of his unit could escape
-Most highly decorated American during World War II.
85
two things about Dorie Miller (review slides)
-Manned an anti-aircraft gun for which he had no training, he shot down 4–6 planes
-Sailor on battleship West Virginia at Pearl Harbor
86
two things about Leonard Roy Harmon
-Killed while shielding a shipmate from gunfire with his own body
-First African American to have a warship named after him
87
propaganda
build public support for the war. These could spread ideas that promoted one side’s views and presented the opposing side in negative ways.
88
mechanize
Due to a farm labor shortage during the war, the US government offered loans to farmers to encourage them to __mechanize______________ their farms, replacing human labor and making operations more efficient.
89
How was the stock market crash connected to the banks?
People borrowed money from banks to pay for stocks. When stock market crashed, banks ran out of money and closed.
90
what natural causes led to the Dust Bowl?
record high temps
severe droughts
91
How did Representative Sam Rayburn contribute to the New Deal era laws.
passed laws to reform way stocks were traded to prevent second crash
92
What program from the New Deal still functions in the present day?
Social Security Act helps elderly who are unable to work
93
What city was chosen to host the Texas Centennial celebration/ Why?
Dallas- business leaders offered to pay for everything
94
Compare how Hoover wanted to deal with the Great Depression vs Roosevelt
President Hoover thought that businesses should solve the economic problems and that the fed. government should not get involved. Roosevelt felt the opposite and wanted the government to have a more hands on approach
95
What issues led to the start of WWII
Germany was upset about the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and though it was unfair. This allowed Hitler and the Nazi party to come to power
96
How did Oveta Culp Hobby participate in the war.
She commanded the women's army corps, a group of 200,000 women in non combat roles in the military.
97
How were women involved in the war effort
Some 200,000 women volunteered to serve in the U.S. army corps in non combat roles. They would fly supply planes from factories to bases. Women on the Homefront also took the jobs of men who went off to war
98
Describe POW camps in the US
Officials tried to make camp life as normal as possible, but those living in camps had limited freedom and were constantly under guard
99
What happened to Japanese and German Americans living in the US
Under President Roosevelt's order 9066, American citizens of Japanese descent were removed from their homes and sent to internment camps.
100
How did WWII affect the Texas and the US economy
The economy benefited from great industrial and agricultural expansion and the creation of many new jobs
101
What was the effect the war had on Texas cities
Cities grew as people went to find jobs in factories producing war products. 500,000 people moved to cities to find jobs.
102
what is V-E Day
the day that WWII ended in Europe on May 8th, 1945
103
What is the Holocaust
millions of innocent people, mostly Jews, had been killed by the German government in camps.
104
How did the US end the war with Japan
The U.S. dropped tow atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki which forced Japan to surrender
