Unit 6 Test Flashcards
(74 cards)
Characteristics of Nationalism
People joined by common language, customs, culture, and history; should be under the same government
Nationalism’s conflict with principles of the Congress of Vienna
Protested multinational states; domestic and international order was challenged; no dynastic rule over area, rule should be based on ethinicity
Difficulties of Nationalism
Deciding which ethnic group could be nations, big enough to have a good economy, sufficient military, a common national language.. etc.
Regions of 19th century nationalistic pressure
Britain, Germany, Italy, Poland, Eastern Europe, Balkan Peninsula
Definitions of Liberals according to Conservatives
Anyone or anything that challenged their own political, social or religious values
Political goals of 19th century liberals
Tried to limit the governments power over the people; legal equality, religious toleration, and freedom of the press
19th century liberals and the origins of their ideas
British Model (religious toleration, capitalism, stable government, constitution), Enlightenment, and Principles of 1789
Economic goals of 19th century liberals
Removal of international tariffs; manufacture and sell goods freely; opposed to guild system and government regulation
Major pillars of 19th century conservatism
1) Throne (Legitimate Monarchies)
2) Land (Landed Aristocracies)
3) Altar (Established Churches)
Klemens von Metternich
Leading conservative; architect of Congress of Vienna; Dynastic Integrity; Austrian
Burschenschaftens
Radical college frats in Germany, protested; banned by Carlsbad Decrees
The Spa Field Riots
December 1816, mass meeting in Spa Fields outside London; ended in creation of Coercion Acts, temporarily suspended habeas corpus
The Peterloo Massacre
August 1819, mass meeting at Saint Peter’s Fields; suppressed by local militia, 11 killed, more injured
The Six Acts
1) Forbade public gatherings
2) Raised fines for seditious libel
3) Speedy trial for instigators
4) Raised newspaper taxes
5) Right of Search and Seizure
6) No troop training
Louis XVIII as monarch
The Charter; ultraroyalism; Bourbon, preceded Napoleon
Major Powers of Congress of Vienna
Austria, Russia, Prussia, Britain
Concert of Europe
Congress system with a goal to maintain balance of power in Europe
Ferdinand VIII’s rule after the fall of Napoleon
Bourbon, ruled Spain; said he would rule constitutionally
Demands of the Treaty of London
Turkish recognition of Greek independence
Spark of independence movements throughout Latin America
French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars
Toussaint L’Overture impact on Latin American Independence
Began the revolt for Haitian slave independence
Haitian slave rebellion
1st successful assault on colonial government in Latin America; started by Toussaint L’Overture
Tsar Alexander I and his successor
Died suddenly, led to a dynastic crisis, Nicholas I ends as new Tsar, he gave boyar and streltsy rights, wanted separation from west
Event that exposed the backwardness of Russia to its soldiers
When Russian forces defeated Napoleon, they were introduced to ideas of Enlightenment and Revolution
