Unit 7: Power System Components Flashcards

(17 cards)

1
Q

What are electrical power systems?

A

System that generates & delivers power to the load.
Have high reliability & efficiency.

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2
Q

Basic Structure of Power Systems

A

1 = Generation
2 = Transmission
3 = Distribution
4 = Load

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3
Q

What is the phase voltage of the UK grid?

A

230 V

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4
Q

What is the line voltage of the UK grid?

A

400 V

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5
Q

What is the frequency of the UK grid?

A

50 Hz

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6
Q

What is the frequency of stand alone systems e.g aircraft?

A

400 Hz

Some new aircraft like 787 designed to 800 Hz

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7
Q

Key Component of a Power System [6]

A
  • Power Generators
  • Transformers
  • Transmission Lines
  • Substations
  • Capacitors
  • Loads
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8
Q

How is power generated in a power system (generally)?

A

Most maintained by electromechanical conversion using synchronous machines.
Output at 5-30kV (higher = more insulation)

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9
Q

What do OCGT and CCGT stand for?

A

OCGT = Open Cycle Gas Turbine
CCGT = Closed Cycle Gas Turbine

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10
Q

What are the main types of transformers and their uses? [5]

A

Substation = step up/down
Distribution = near load centres to reduce V
Service = reduce to household level
Potential = measure high Voltages
Current = measure high Currents

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11
Q

What is the purpose of transmission lines?

A

High voltage wires on tall towers used to move electricity around (220 - 1200kV)
Most made of aluminium as cheaper & lighter than copper.

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12
Q

Insulators & Their Design

A

Consist of multiple conical shaped disks around a rod that insulates it.
Conical increases flashover distance & automatically clear off rain.

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13
Q

Methods of protection within electrical power systems

A
  • Circuit Breakers
  • Disconnect Switch
  • Surge Arrester
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14
Q

Circuit Breakers

A

3 pole switch at each end of transmission line sections.
Open in event of fault or short circuit.

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15
Q

Disconnect Switch

A

In series with CB’s to isolate them when open.
Can also be used to sectionalise + isolate sections of a network.

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16
Q

Surge Arrester

A

Protect vulnerable equipment from surges e.g transformers, substations etc.

17
Q

What is an Energy Control Centre?

A

Monitors & Controls power systems by performing Power Dispatching, Security Control & Supervisory Control