Unit 8

Question 1

What is the name for the lipoprotein that is responsible for picking up cholesterol from the tissues and transporting it back to the liver for dismantling and disposal?

Answer 1

high-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 2

Which of the following substances does the body require for the digestion of fat?

Answer 2

bile

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes the role of cholesterol in the body?

Answer 3

It is important in the structure of cell membranes.

Question 4

Which of the following vitamins is fat-soluble?

Answer 4

vitamin A

(E & K also)

Question 5

Which of the following characteristics is typical of low-fat diets?

Answer 5

They create water-soluble vitamin deficiencies.

Question 6

Which of the following fat replacers is fibre-based?

Answer 6

z-trim

Question 7

The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada recommends that the amount of fat women consume per day should be within what range?

Answer 7

45–75 grams

Question 8

How many meals of fatty fish each week may help reduce death and illness from heart disease?

Answer 8

2

Question 9

Which of the following fats has the most trans fatty acid?

Answer 9

vegetable shortening

Question 10

Which of the following substitutions would help to lower LDL?

Answer 10

using canola oil in the place of vegetable shortening

Question 11

Why should cooking oils be stored in tightly covered containers?

Answer 11

to prevent them from becoming rancid

Question 12

Which of the following antioxidants may slow the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL)?

Answer 12

selenium and vitamin C

Question 13

Pork loin is an example of a lean cut of meat from which the fat can be trimmed.

Answer 13

true

Question 14

Which of the following statements accurately explains the relationship between dietary cholesterol and blood cholesterol?

Answer 14

The body slows cholesterol synthesis when provided in higher amounts in the diet.

Question 15

What plant-based phytochemical added to some margarines, may display heart health benefits as a result of its inability to be absorbed by the intestine?

Answer 15

sterol esters

Question 16

Which of the following characteristics describes the artificial fat olestra?

Answer 16

It passes through the digestive tract unabsorbed.

Question 17

About 95 percent of the lipids in foods and in the human body come from what family of compounds?

Answer 17

triglycerides

Question 18

What food is the single greatest contributor of saturated fat in the diet?

Answer 18

cheese

Question 19

What is the name for the three-carbon structure to which fatty acids are attached in a triglyceride?

Answer 19

glycerol

Question 20

Which of the following functions is among the useful roles that fat plays in the human body?

Answer 20

cushioning the internal organs from physical shock

Question 21

What is the name for the group of organic compounds that consists of triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols?

Answer 21

lipids

Question 22

Some ground turkey and chicken products into which the skin has been ground are much higher in fat than lean beef.

Answer 22

true

Question 23

To help achieve the right balance between omega-3 and omega-6 intakes, how many meals per week should include fatty fish?

Answer 23

2–3

Question 24

Which of the following food choices is the foundation of a Mediterranean diet?

Answer 24

fruits and vegetables as the base

Question 25

Which of the following factors increases a person's risk for heart disease?

Answer 25

having a family history of heart disease

Question 26

What type of margarine is the most heart-healthy?

Answer 26

margarine that lists liquid oil as the first ingredient

Question 27

What is the name of the process that makes unsaturated fats more solid and resistant to the chemical changes caused by oxidation?

Answer 27

hydrogenation

Question 28

The Mediterranean diet is an eating style that supports heart health by encouraging daily consumption of saturated fat from food.

Answer 28

false

Question 29

Which of the following characteristics best represents saturated fat?

Answer 29

it is typically firm at room temperature

Question 30

A 26-year-old man works in a high stress sales position, has a family history of premature heart disease, and is physically inactive. How many risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) does he have?

Answer 30

3

Question 31

When the diet is deficient in all of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, what medical concern may develop?

Answer 31

reproductive failure

Question 32

What chemical change occurs when spreadable margarines are made from polyunsaturated oils?

Answer 32

hydrogen is forced into the oil creating unusually shaped fats.

Question 33

Which of the following food items is considered part of the Milk and Alternative category according to Canada’s Food Guide?

Answer 33

yogurt

Question 34

Which of the following fish species may contain heavy mercury contamination?

Answer 34

shark

Question 35

What emulsifier is falsely linked with promoting health when consumed as a supplement?

Answer 35

lecithin

Question 36

What term is used to describe the substance that builds up in the bloodstream and urine, as a result of the incomplete breakdown of fat in the body?

Answer 36

ketones

Question 37

Which of the following foods is a source of omega-3 fats?

Answer 37

walnut oil

Question 38

Which term is used to describe a diet high in saturated and trans fats, and low in vegetables, fruit, and whole grains?

Answer 38

atherogenic diet

Question 39

In which of the following categories does the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid classify legumes?

Answer 39

in a category along with nuts

Question 40

Which of the following lipid profile values is considered desirable?

Answer 40

high HDL

Question 41

Which of the following characteristics is true of the Mediterranean diet?

Answer 41

It is high in complex carbohydrates.

Question 42

Some fat digestion is initiated in the stomach by gastric lipase.

Answer 42

true

Question 43

What is the name for a lipoprotein that transports triglycerides to the body's cells?

Answer 43

very low-density lipoprotein

Question 44

The World Health Organization recommends that people consume what percentage of total Calories from trans fatty acids?

Answer 44

less than 1%

Question 45

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are added to foods as an alternative to what type of food preservation technique?

Answer 45

hydrogenation