Unit 8

Question 1

hostility between two states usually due to an ideological struggle rather than open warfare

Answer 1

cold war

Question 2

four-decades long struggle between the US and the Soviet Union.

Answer 2

the Cold War

Question 3

Marshall Plan

Answer 3

finical aid plan for other countries to rebuild after WWII, led to balance of world power shifting to them

Question 4

command economy

Answer 4

Russia drawing natural resources from their huge territory

Question 5

mandate system

Answer 5

allows certain nations to govern former territories of the defeated powers

Question 6

Non-Aligned movement

Answer 6

Some groups and individuals in newly decolonized states refused to choose between the Communist States and Democratic States

Question 7

Military allicances

Answer 7

NATO- U.S. + its alliances
Warsaw Pact- USSR+ its alliances

Question 8

Proxy war in Asia

Answer 8

Korean War, Korea was split into 2, communist, and anti communist

Question 9

Proxy in Latin America

Answer 9

Contra War, socialist backed
by Cuba and the Soviet Union
Contras backed by the United States

Question 10

proxy in Africa

Answer 10

Angolan Civil War

Question 11

Chinese Communist Party

Answer 11

led by Mao Zedong, with help of Soviet, took power over china

Question 12

Nationalist Party

Answer 12

Chiang Kai-Shek, lost to Chinese communist party

Question 13

Great Leap Foward

Answer 13

China, Agriculture was collectivized. goal was to rapidly industrialize with small scale industrial production.
programs failed and led to a famine in which 20-50 million people died.

Question 14

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Answer 14

egypt leader, new polices to redistribute land + resources. nationalized the Suez Canal meaning it would be under Egypt rule. This lead to war, with help from Soviets, egypt won

Question 15

Strategic Defense Initiative

Answer 15

space based missile defense system

Question 16

failed Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

Answer 16

Afghan rebels were supported by the United States,
Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan. The war lasted nine years and further
depressed the Soviet economy

Question 17

Perestroika

Answer 17

SU restructuring economy, reducing the level of central planning

Question 18

Glasnost

Answer 18

Allowed free speech, people shared their discontent about the soviets

Question 19

Indian National Congress

Answer 19

goal was to gain
more of a voice in Indian policy

Question 20

Muslim League

Answer 20

Muslim minority who were afraid they would
not have much of a voice in India so they formed muslim league called for a new state of their own in the independence, pakistan

Question 21

Partition of India

Answer 21

created the new Muslim state of Pakistan. Once
the border was created, Hindus fled south and Muslims fled north. Each side committed violence against the other.

Question 22

National Liberation Front

Answer 22

formed by Algerians to commit acts of violence against French troops and civilians to gain their independence

Question 23

Zionist movement

Answer 23

Jew ideology that advocated for a state of their own, isreal

Question 24

Indira Gandhi

Answer 24

India, She started a series of five year
socialist economic plans to allow the government to have more control over the economy instead of relying on foreign aid. She embraced the technology of the Green Revolution

Question 25

metropoles

Answer 25

home territory of imperial power

Question 26

impacts of migration

Answer 26

helped to maintain the cultural and economic ties between the former colony and the metropole. Second, migration transformed these majority white and culturally homogenous societies into genuine mutli-ethnic societies

Question 27

Homespun Movement

Answer 27

Gandhi, protest Britain’s domination of India’s cotton industry

Question 28

Civil Rights Movement

Answer 28

led by Martin Luther The Supreme Court outlawed racial discrimination in schools in the 1950s and Congress passed anti-discrimination laws in the 1960s.

Question 29

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Answer 29

encouraged black Americans to boycott the city’s segregated public transportation system. It caused some economic distress in Montgomery and other places as the movement spread.

Question 30

apartheid

Answer 30

denied basic rights to black South Africans.

Question 31

Sharpeville Massacre

Answer 31

led to Mandela abandoning his beliefs on nonviolence ad switching to violence

Question 32

Augusto Pinochet

Answer 32

after overthrowing Salvador Allende with help from the United States, Pinochet took power and became a dictator in Chile. He violently suppressed opposition (including political leftists, labor unions, and the Catholic Church) with military raids, executions, and torture.

Question 33

al Qaeda

Answer 33

Angry about US involvement in the Middle East they used terrorism to pressure the US to change their policies in the region. This includes the September 11t