Unit 8 Acid Bases And Buffers

Question 1

When an anion ends in “ide” what is the suffix?

For what state of the compound?

Answer 1

-ic acid

Aqueous compounds

Question 2

When an anion ends in “ate” what is the suffix?

For what state of the compound?

Answer 2

-ic acid

Aqueous compounds

Question 3

When an anion ends in “ite” what is he suffix?

For what state of the the compound?

Answer 3

-ous acid

Aqueous compounds

Question 4

What are the two exception to naming hydrogen and an anion?

Answer 4

Sulfur compounds - uric acid

Phosphorous compounds - oric acid

Question 5

What is an Arrhenius acid?

Answer 5

A substance that produces H+ ions in aqueous solutions

Question 6

What the first type of reaction of acids and their properties?

Answer 6

1) Neutralization reaction with bases
a) with hydroxides to for salt and water
b) with metal oxides to form a salt and water
c) with ammonia to form a salt

Question 7

What is the second type of reaction of acids and their properties?

Answer 7

2) Replacement reaction with reactive metals to form a salt and hydrogen gas

Question 8

What is the third type of reaction of acids and their properties?

Answer 8

3) Carbonates and bicarbonates react to form a salt, carbon dioxide and water

Question 9

With the indicator litmus, what will be the colour in acid and base?

Answer 9

Acid: Red
Base: Blue

Question 10

With the indicator phenolphthalein, what is the colour in acid and base?

Answer 10

Acid: Colourless
Base: Pink

Question 11

With the indicator methyl orange, what is the colour in acid and base?

Answer 11

Acid: Red
Base: Yellow

Question 12

With the indicator bromothymol blue, what is the colour in acid and base?

Answer 12

Acid: Yellow
Base: Blue

Question 13

With the indicator phenol red, what is the colour in acid and base?

Answer 13

Acid: Yellow
Base: Red

Question 14

With the indicator bromocresol green, what is the colour in acid and base?

Answer 14

Acid: Yellow
Base: Blue

Question 15

With the indicator methyl red, what is the colour in acid and base?

Answer 15

Acid: Red
Base: Yellow

Question 16

What is an acid?

Answer 16

A compound that gives a proton (H^+) on the reactant side.

Question 17

What is a base?

Answer 17

A compound that receives a proton on the reactant side

Question 18

What is a conjugate acid?

Answer 18

A compound that gives a proton (H^+) on the product side

Question 19

What is a conjugate base?

Answer 19

A compound that receives a proton on the product side

Question 20

What is an Arrhenius base?

Answer 20

A substance that can neutralize an acid in an aqueous solution

Question 21

What is the Universal indicator a mixture of?

Answer 21

methyl orange, methyl red, bromothymol blue and phenolphthalein

Question 22

When is a solution considered acidic?

Answer 22

When the solution has a pH < 7

Question 23

When is a solution considered alkaline?

Answer 23

When the solution has a pH > 7

Question 24

When is a solution considered neutral?

Answer 24

When the solution has a pH = 7

Question 25

What does pH stand for?

Answer 25

power of hydrogen

Question 26

What is the characteristic of a strong acid?

Answer 26

Strong acids completely dissociate

Question 27

What is the characteristic of a weak acid?

Answer 27

Weak acids partially dissociate

Question 28

What does monoprotic mean?

Answer 28

one proton/hydrogen

Question 29

What is the formula to find pH?

Answer 29

pH = -log[H^+]

Question 30

What is the value of kw at room temperature? And what is room temperature?

Answer 30

1.00*10^-14 M^2 | Room temperature 298K

Question 31

What is the formula to find the hydrogen concentration?

Answer 31

log^-1 (-pH) = [H^+]

Question 32

What are the four possibilities for the pH of a salt solution?

Answer 32

1) strong acid + strong base 2) weak acid + strong base 3) strong acid + weak base 4) weak acid + weak base

Question 33

What is a buffer?

Answer 33

A buffer is a solution that contains a weak acid and a salt containing an anion [A^-] in about equal concentrations

Question 34

How do you prepare a buffer?

Answer 34

Combine a weak acid and its salt

Question 35

What are the factors that the pH of a buffer depend on?

Answer 35

- Ratio of acid to salt | - Ka of the weak acid

Question 36

What is buffer capacity?

Answer 36

The amount of acid/base that can be added before the pH changes significantly

Question 37

What is the name of H3PO4?

Answer 37

Phosphoric acid

Question 38

What is the name of this acid H2SO4?

Answer 38

Sulfuric acid

Question 39

What is the characteristic of a base?

Answer 39

Most bases contain cation usually positively charged metal ion and a hydroxide

Question 40

What is the characteristic of an acid?

Answer 40

All acids consist of a base and an anion

Question 41

What are the types of Acid and Bases definitions?

Answer 41

Arrhenius | Brønsted-Lowry

Question 42

What are the factors that affect [H^+] of an acid?

Answer 42

Concentration of the acid and the strength of the acid

Question 43

What are some common strong monoprotic acids? (6)

Answer 43

- HNO3 - HBr - H I - HClO4 - HCl - H2SO4

Question 44

What are some common monoprotic weak acids?

Answer 44

- HF - HNO2 - H2O - CH3COOH - HCN

Question 45

At room temperature what is the pH of water?

Answer 45

pH of water at 298K is 7