Unit 9 PLA

Question 1

NAACP

Answer 1

an organization founded in 1909 to promote full racial equality

Question 2

CORE

Answer 2

an interracial group founded in 1942 by James Farmer to work against segregation in Northern cities

Question 3

Brown v. Board of Education

Answer 3

a 1954 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” education for black and white students was unconstitutional

Question 4

Civil Disobedience

Answer 4

the nonviolent refusal to obey an unjust law

Question 5

Civil Rights Act 1964

Answer 5

a law that banned discrimination on the basis of race, sex, national origin, or religion in public and work places; law that outlawed racial segregation

Question 6

Civil Rights Act of 1968

Answer 6

a law that banned discrimination in housing

Question 7

Voting Rights Act 1965

Answer 7

a law that made it easier for African Americans to register to vote by eliminating discriminatory literacy tests and authorizing federal examiners to enroll voters denied at the local level

Question 8

Freedom Riders

Answer 8

one of the civil rights activists who rode buses through the South in the early 1960s to challenge segregation

Question 9

Freedom Summer

Answer 9

Name of project to win voting rights for Southern African Americans; a 1964 project to register African-American voters in Mississippi

Question 10

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

Answer 10

an organization formed in 1957 by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and other leaders to work for civil rights through nonviolent means

Question 11

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

Answer 11

an organization formed in 1960 to coordinate sit-ins and other protests and to give young blacks a larger role in the civil rights movement

Question 12

Sit-in

Answer 12

a form of demonstration used by African Americans to protest discrimination, in which the protesters sit down in a segregated business and refuse to leave until they are served

Question 13

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Answer 13

a 1955 boycott that resulted in the integration of Montgomery, Alabama’s bus system

Question 14

Twenty-Fourth Amendment

Answer 14

abolishes (barring) poll taxes in elections

Question 15

National Organization for Women (NOW)

Answer 15

an organization founded in 1966 to pursue feminist goals, such as better childcare facilities, improved educational opportunities, and an end to job discrimination

Question 16

(AIM) American Indian Movement

Answer 16

a frequently militant organization that formed in 1968 to work for Native American rights

Question 17

(UFW) United Farm Workers

Answer 17

a labor union formed in 1966 to seek higher wages and better working conditions for Mexican-Americans farm workers in California

Question 18

Causes of the Civil Rights Movement

Answer 18

*Developments during World War II challenge segregation
*African-Americans demand end to de jure segregation
* African-American churches promote non-violent protests
* African-Americans protest de facto segregation in cities
* Television brings protests into homes

Question 19

Effects of the Civil Rights Movement

Answer 19

• Constitutional and legal changes end de jure segregation
• Civil Rights Acts of 196 4 a n d 196 8
• Voting Rights A c t of 1965
• Government promotes affirmative-action programs * Economic, educational, and political opportunities increase for African Americans

Question 20

NAACP

Answer 20

End racial segregation

Question 21

UFW

Question 22

AIM

Answer 22

Protect American Indian land rights