Unit A - Section 2

Question 1

Heritable characteristics

Answer 1

Are passed on from generation to generation. Which means that u have characteristics that came from either ur mom or dad

Question 2

Non heritable characteristics

Answer 2

Are acquired. Not passed on from generation to generation which means that u have a characteristic u didn’t inherit from ur mom or dad

Question 3

Discrete variation

Answer 3

Refers to the differences in a characteristics that have a defined form. U can think if discrete variation as being the either/or form of a characteristic

Question 4

Continuous variation

Answer 4

Refers to differences in characteristics that have a range of forms. They r not one form or another

Question 5

Asexual reproduction

Answer 5

Involves only one parent; all the offspring that result from asexual reproduction are identical to that parent. In other words they all inherit identical characteristics bc the adult makes an exact copy of itself

Question 6

Binary fission

Answer 6

Binary fission is one of the forms of asexual reproduction. Only one called organisms reproduce by binary fission. During binary fission a cell splits exactly into two producing two identical individuals

Question 7

Budding

Answer 7

Organisms such as hydra and yeast reproduce sexually by budding. During budding the parent produces a small bud or a smaller version of itself

Question 8

Spore production

Answer 8

Many fungi, green algae, some moulds and non flowering plants such as ferns reproduce by producing spores. Spores are similar to seeds but r produced by the division of cells of the parent. One individual will produce many spores and each spore will develop into a new individual identical to the parent

Question 9

Vegetative reproduction

Answer 9

Reproduction of a plant that does not involve the formation of a seed.

Question 10

Sexual reproduction

Answer 10

Sexual reproduction usually involves two individuals. Most species of animals and flowering plants reproduce sexually. The offspring of sexual reproduction will have a mix of the characteristics of both individuals ensuring that there is always a mix of characteristics in each generation

Question 11

Gametes

Answer 11

Sexual reproduction in plants or animals relies on the union of two specialized cells known as gametes. A gamete is a cell that has one role only in; join the with another gamete during reproduction

Question 12

Sperm cells

Answer 12

Male gametes r called sperm cells

Question 13

Egg cells

Answer 13

Female gametes r known as egg cells (ova)

Question 14

Fertilization

Answer 14

The union of the sperm cell with the egg cell occurs during mating and it’s called fertilization

Question 15

Zygote

Answer 15

The cell created by the joining of the two gametes is known as a zygote. The zygote is divided into two cells.

Question 16

Cleavage

Answer 16

The division of the two cells is repeated during a process called cleavage

Question 17

Embryo

Answer 17

Continued cell division results in a new multicellular life form referred as an embryo

Question 18

Where does the formation of an embryo occur

Answer 18

The formation of an embryo occurs in the female parent.

Question 19

Pollen

Answer 19

Pollen contains the male gametes of a plant

Question 20

Stamen

Answer 20

Pollen is found on the stamen or the male part of the flower

Question 21

Ovules

Answer 21

Ovules contains the female gametes of a flower.

Question 22

Where r ovules found

Answer 22

The ovules r found in the pistil the female part of the flower

Question 23

Pollination

Answer 23

Pollination occurs when pollen is transferred from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of the pistil.

Question 24

When does fertilization occur

Answer 24

When the male gametes and the female gametes unite

Question 25

Cross pollination

Answer 25

Occurs when the pollen of one plant is carried to the stigma of another wind water or animals

Question 26

Cross fertilization

Answer 26

Occurs when a grain of this pollen produces a long term that eventually grows down the style into the ovary that contains the ovules.

Question 27

What is the female part of a flower

Answer 27

The female part of a flower is called a pistil.

Question 28

What does a pistil include

Answer 28

The pistil includes the stigma, the style and the ovary

Question 29

What does the stigma do

Answer 29

The stigma is the part of the pistil where pollen germinates

Question 30

What does the style do

Answer 30

The style is a tube like structure that holds up the stigma

Question 31

What does the ovary do

Answer 31

The ovary is an enlarged nasal portion of the pistil where ovules are produced

Question 32

What is the male part of the flower called

Answer 32

The male part of the flower is called a stamen

Question 33

What does the stamen include

Answer 33

The stamen includes the anther and the filament

Question 34

What does the anther do

Answer 34

The anther is the the part of the stamen where pollen is produced

Question 35

What does the filament do

Answer 35

The filament is he part of the stamen where it holds the anther up

Question 36

What does the sepal part of the flower do

Answer 36

The sepal encloses and protects the developing reproductive structures

Question 37

What do the petals do

Answer 37

The petals attract pollinators

Question 38

What does the ovule contain

Answer 38

Contains the female gametes