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UNIT C STUDY DECK Flashcards

1
Q

What is light

A

A form of electromagnetic energy

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2
Q

What are the 4 properties of light

A

Light can refract/bend
Light travels in straight lines
Light can be reflected
Light is a source of energy

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3
Q

Who thought that lights were made up of beams and came from the person’s eyes

A

Pythagoras

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4
Q

What was wrong with Pythagoras’s theory

A

We would be able to see in the dark!

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5
Q

Who found out that light can bend and travels in straight lines

A

Euclid

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6
Q

Who described how light bends when they go from air to glass

A

Ptolomey

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7
Q

Who first discovered how we see objects

A

Al-Haytham

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8
Q

Who found out that white light is actually a mix of different colors

A

Newton

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9
Q

What happens when you place a colored sheet in front of white light

A

The white light separates the other colors except the color on the filter

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10
Q

Who made the theory that light travels really fast

A

Ole Romer

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11
Q

What is the speed of light that one of the scientists found out

A

3, 000, 000 m/s

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12
Q

Who calculated the speed of light that travels to Earth’s atmosphere

A

Michelson

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13
Q

What did one of the scientists figure out what the speed of light to the earth’s atmosphere

A

300 000 km/s

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14
Q

How does a compound microscope work

A

Light hits the curved piece of glass and bounces off to the object to make it bigger

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15
Q

How does a refracting telescopes work

A

It merges 2 light beams together to create an image

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16
Q

How does a reflecting telescope work

A

It is a combinations of 2 lenses and a mirror to create and image, the light bounces off the mirror

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17
Q

What is a disadvantage to a refracting telescopes

A

if the lens is not perfectly smooth or flawless, the image will be bad

The thicker the lens, the harder it is for the light to go through it, but you need a thicker lens to get farther away objects

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18
Q

How does the Hubble telescope work

A

Uses 2 mirrors, one bowls shaped and one domed shaped to collect and focus light to get an image

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19
Q

How do binoculars work

A

By having 2 short refracting telescope that work together to magnify the far away object

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20
Q

Why is it better to have a telescope up in space

A

Is not affected by weather
Does not have to go through the atmosphere

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21
Q

Light travels in what kinds of lines

A

Straight lines

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22
Q

What are 2 things about rays?

A

Travel in direction
Come from a source

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23
Q

Why is it that the closer the light, the bigger the shawdow

A

The more light beams being blocked

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24
Q

What can brightness do

A

Brightness of light changes with distance

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25
What is transparent mean
Light passes through it wholly or undiffused
26
Give 2 examples of a transparent object
Glass and eye lenses
27
What does translucent mean
Light passes through, but it's diffused (diverted after it passes the object)
28
Give 2 examples of a translucent object
Sheer curtains and frosted glass
29
What does opaque mean
No light can pass through this object
30
Give 2 examples of an opaque object
Wood and bricks
31
What is a regular reflection
Occurs when light hits a smooth surface
32
What do all regular reflection rays do
Reflect in the same angles
33
What must eyes do to see something
Be in the direct path of the light rays
34
What is a diffused reflection
Occurs when light hits a rough or uneven surface
35
What do diffused rays do
Reflect distorted or diffused
36
What does luminous mean
And object that emits light or give it off
37
What does non-luminous mean
Doesn't give off light but reflects it from a light source
38
Give an example of a luminous object
The sun
39
GIve an example of a non-luminous object
A mirror
40
What are incident rays
rays of light that arrive at a mirror or other substance
41
What are reflected rays
rays of light that bounce off of the mirror or surface
42
What do smooth surfaces do
allow regular reflection
43
What is a plane mirror
Reflecting surfaces that have a flat surface
44
What 2 lens are usually in a refracting telescope
Objective lens and eyepiece lens
45
What parts are in a reflecting telescope
Primary mirror, secondary mirror, and eyepiece
46
What is the difference between a reflecting telescope and a refracting telescope
Reflecting uses mirrors, Refracting uses lenses
47
What do plane mirrors provide
The clearest reflections
48
What is the law of reflection
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
49
What is the normal line
The 90 degree lines through the mirror or surface at the point of reflection
50
What is the angle of incidence
angle between the incident ray and the normal
51
What is the angle of reflection
Angle between the reflected ray and the normal
52
Do all rays reflect according to the law of reflection
Yes (Even diffused reflection)
53
What do all mirrors obey
The law of reflection
54
What is a concave mirror
Surfaces that curve inwards like a bowl/cave
55
What are concave mirrors goods for
Good at collecting light and bring it to a single point
56
Give 3 examples of where we can find concave mirrors
Car headlights Flashlights Cosmetic mirrors
57
For a concave mirrors, what does formed image depend on
how far the object is from the focal point
58
What happens when the concave mirror is far away from the focal point
The reflected rays are upside down
59
What happens when the concave mirror is close to the focal point
The image is enlarged and upright
60
What is a convex mirror
Have a surface that bulge outward
61
Do convex mirror light rays ever reach a focal point
NEVER
62
What convex mirror do
Can reflect light from a larger area
63
What is refraction
The bending of light
64
What is an example of a medium
Air
65
Why does light need to be travelling on an angle
Because light changes speed and of different densities of mediums
66
How can you know light passes through a denser object
The light is slower is dense materials
67
What way does the light bend while going to a MORE dense medium (Air to water)
It bends TOWARD the normal
68
What way does the light bends while going to a LESS dense medium (Water to air)
Bends AWAY from the medium
69
What is the new direction of the light called
Angle of refraction
70
What happens to light that hits a surface that causes absorptions
Changes into some other kind of energy
71
What happens to light that hits a surface that causes reflection
Bounces off the surface and travels in a new direction
72
What happens to light that hits a surface that causes refraction
Travels through the surface often then in a new direction
73
What the nature of the surface for absorption
Nature of surface Occurs mostly on rough, dark, opaque surfaces
74
What the nature of the surface for reflection
Occurs best when light hits a smooth, shiny surface
75
What is the nature of the surface for refraction
Occurs when light strikes a different transparent medium
76
What is a lens
A piece of curved glass or other transparent material
77
When light hits a lens, what happens
It refracts
78
What is the pupil
Part of the eye that allows light to go through
79
What is the iris
Expands or contract based on the light reaching the eyes
80
What is the eyelid
A part that opens or closes to to allow the proper amount of light in
81
What is the retina
A special layer that is filled with photoreceptors
82
How does the retina help us see
Light rays hitting that part of the eye
83
What is the FUNCTION of a lens
Focuses image on the retina
84
What is the cornea
Clear covering of the eye, shields it
85
What is the optic nerve
Nerve that leads from the retina to the brain
86
What are the ciliary muscles
Adjusts lens to focus on near or far objects
87
What are photoreceptors
Light sensitive cells found in the retina of the eye
88
What are the 2 types of photoreceptors
Rods and cones
89
What are rods
Sensitive to light, and can only see black and white, and can only function at low light
90
What are cones
Detect light and cannot work in low light
91
What are the 3 colors in cones
Red, blue, and green
92
How is light focused in the eye
Convex lens to collect light
93
What is the role of ciliary muscles
Attach to the lens and relax or contract the shape
94
What is the order of image formation
Cornea--Pupil--Lens--Retina--Photoreceptors--Optic nerve--Brain--Image
95
What is a camera eye
Round and have corneas, lenses, and retinas. (Found in most mammals)
96
What is a compound eye
Eyes made up of smaller units, helpful for decetic motion (Found in most insects and crustaceans)
97
What are the smaller units in a compound eye called
Ommatidium
98
What causes farsightedness
Cannot make a lens thick enough to focus light on the retina
99
What lens fixes farsightedness
Convex lens
100
Why would you use a convex lens to fix farsightedness
Because we want the light to convert more light quickly
101
What causes nearsightedness
Image forms in front of your retina
102
What lens fixes nearsightedness
Concave lens
103
Why would you use a concave lens to fix nearsightedness
So light so that the image forms on the retina
104
What kind of lenses does a microscope use
Objective and eyepiece
105
What type of the lens is in a microscope
Convex lens
106
What kind of lens is used in a refracting telescope
Convex lens
107
What type of mirror is used in a reflecting telescope
Concave mirror
108
What lens must you have to fix farsightedness
Convex lens To converge the light rays
109
What lens must you have to fix nearsightedness
Concave lens Diverge the light away from the eye

Science Study Decks (12 decks)

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