unit five test//biotechnology and evolution Flashcards
evolution
change in a group of organisms over time.
the three types of selection for polygenic traits
**look at flashcards
what leads to speciation
disruptive selection
fitness (evolution)
ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in their environment.
four isolating mechanisms
- temporal/habitat
- behavioral
- mechanical
- geographic
fact
is distributively the case.
theory
an idea intended to explain something.
belief
acceptance that something is true.
hypothesis
proposition made for basis of reasoning.
convergent evolution
process where by organisms are not closely related
vestigial structures
a structure an organism lost during the course of evolution
homologous body
structure in the body that shares a common ancestry w/ more organisms.
three critical elements of natural seleciton
- variation
- inheritance
- high rate o/ population growth
dna is….
negatively charged
cloning
producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals.
bio-tech
the exploration of biological processes for industrial and other purposes.
gene therapy
the transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders.
genetic engineering
the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
transgenic organisms
organisms that have altered genomes
a misconception of evolution is…
that it is always slow and gradual.
selective breeding
method of improving a line of species by allowing only those individuals w/ preferred traits to produce to the next generation.
two species that look different from each other actually…
may be more closely related than two species that look alike.
organisms closely related…
don’t vary much in DNA
