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Unit One Flashcards

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1
Q

Civics

A

The study of citizenship and government

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2
Q

Government

A

The power or authority that rules a country

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3
Q

What is the highest form of government?

A

The national government

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4
Q

A government where one person or a small group of people have all the power

A

Dictatorship

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5
Q

A government where citizens hold the power to rule and to make the laws

A

Democracy

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6
Q

Everyone votes on every single aspect of government

A

Direct democracy

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7
Q

Citizens vote on representatives, who make decisions on government

A

Representative democracy

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8
Q

A child is born in the US, but both of his parents are citizens of Canada. What is the child?

A

A US citizen

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9
Q

A child is born in Canada, but both of his parents are US citizens. What is the child?

A

A US Citizen

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10
Q

People who are in the US and are not citizens

A

Aliens

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11
Q

Aliens that are long-term and intend to live in the US permanently

A

Immigrants

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12
Q

A document allowing a person to be inside the US for a short amount of time

A

Temporary visa

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13
Q

Sent back to their own country

A

Deported

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14
Q

The process by which aliens become citizens

A

Naturalization

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15
Q

How long do you have to wait to become a citizen?

A

3 years for spouses of citizens

5 years for everyone else

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16
Q

Last step in the naturalization process

A

Taking the oath of loyalty

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17
Q

When was the first census taken?

A

1790

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18
Q

Census

A

official count of people in the USA including aliens

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19
Q

Name some questions the census asks

A

where is everyone living, their income, and employment. (Demographic)

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20
Q

When did the first Europeans settle in America?

A

1500s and 1600s

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21
Q

People who have lost their homes because of war, famine, or political oppression

A

Refugees

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22
Q

Factors increasing population

A

Birthrate growth and immigration

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23
Q

When was the first shift in population?

A

the mid 1800s when people moved to cities in search of work

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24
Q

What did King John sign in 1215?

A

The Magna Carta

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25
Parliament
a group of nobles and church officials who advised the king and helped govern
26
a group of people who makes laws for a state or country
Legislature
27
The upper house of Parliament
House of Lords (made of nobles)
28
The lower house of Parliament
House of Commons (representatives of towns)
29
When did the Glorious Revolution start?
1688
30
When was the English Bill of Rights created?
1689
31
What gave Parliament the sole power and control over England?
The English Bill of Rights
32
England never created one document that contains all the laws that govern their nation. They are said to have...
...an unwritten constitution
33
a legal system based on the precedent from previous cases
Common law
34
a group of people in one place who are ruled by another place
Colony
35
Virginia in 1607, the first permanent English settlement was founded at...
Jamestown
36
Problems the Jamestown colonists faced
Hunger Disease Crop shortage Native attacks
37
1st legislature in colonial America
House of Burgesses
38
When did the Plymouth colonists arrive?
1620
39
Before they reaches America the Plymouth colonists wrote a document called the
Mayflower Compact
40
an agreement, or contract, made among a group of people
Compact
41
Each colonial government had...
A governor | A legislature
42
In 1760 who became king
George III
43
In 1765, Stamps were attached to each and all legal documents and newspapers for tax...
Stamp Act
44
Common colonist saying when it came to high taxes
No taxation without representation!
45
refuse to buy
Boycott
46
Parliament repealed some taxes but to show they still had power they passed the
Intolerable Acts
47
Canceled
Repealed
48
Who did they send their letter of demands to?
King George III
49
What was the king's response to their demands?
He attacked at Lexington and Concord
50
What did they talk about at the Second Continental Congress?
majority tips to fight for independence and decide to appoint a committee to write a declaration
51
When was the Second Continental Congress?
May 1775
52
Who was chief author of the DOI?
Thomas Jefferson
53
All people are equal
Rousseau
54
People have natural rights (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness)
John Locke
55
Citizens obey laws, government protect rights
Social compact
56
When did Congress approve the DOI?
July 4, 1776
57
The DOI didn't not declare America as what?
One country. They were 13 separate states with their own governments.
58
Similarities between states
``` Each state wrote own constitutions Each state had legislature to pass laws Each state had governor to carry out laws Each had courts to interpret the laws Many had Bill of Rights ```
59
Deciding what a law means and how to apply it
Interpret
60
A document guaranteeing certain basic freedoms
Bill of Rights
61
a group of individuals who band together for a common purpose
Confederation
62
Congress developed what in 1777?
The Articles of Confederation
63
What did the Articles look like?
Had a goal to create a system of cooperation. Included one house legislature where each state had one vote Congress controlled the army and dealt with foreign affairs
64
What made the Articles so weak?
Congress had no power to enforce laws or tax 9 states had to be in favor to pass a law All 13 states had to agree to amend a law
65
In 1786 who believed they were being taxed too much?
Daniel Shays
66
Why were the courts of Massachusetts threatening to take away Daniel Shays' farm.
Shays couldn't afford to pay the high taxes
67
What was the significant of Shays' Rebellion?
He showed the need for a stronger federal government
68
Theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys
Mercantilism
68
Numerical limits on the # of people who can enter the country
Quota
68
Mass movement from one place to another
Migration
68
Town Meeting
where the local citizens would gather to discuss and vote on important issues
68
formal meeting at which delegates discuss matters of common concern
Congress
68
Approve
Ratify
68
Change
Amend
68
ruling in an earlier case that was similar to the present case
Precedent

Civics (7 decks)

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